Abstract
We investigated the 3d5/2 core-level binding energy of Ru in Ru nanoislands spontaneously deposited on a Pt(111) electrode [Pt(111)/Ru], and the binding energies of 3d5/2 iodine and 1s CO adsorbed on Pt(111)/Ru by the use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Both iodine and CO were used as surface probes of the electronic properties of Pt(111)/Ru. Little difference was found in the binding energy of Ru in Pt(111)/Ru and in Ru(0001). However, the addition of Ru to Pt(111) induces major changes in the core-level binding energies of chemisorbed iodine and CO as referenced to those adsorbed on Ru(0001). We conclude that the iodine 3d5/2 and CO 1s C core levels experience higher electronic charge on Pt(111)/Ru than on Ru(0001), suggesting a charge transfer from Pt to Ru, or to a Ru-I “surface molecule” within the deposit. The charge transfer from Pt to Ru is in agreement with the result of previous in situ electrochemical NMR investigations [P.K. Babu, H.S. Kim, A. Wieckowski, E. Oldfield (2003) J. Phys. Chem. B 107:7595] and confirms the general trend of reduction in the density of states of Pt due to alloying with Ru [J. McBreen, S. Mukerjee (1995) J. Electrochem. Soc. 142:3399]. Theoretical calculations are in progress to further interpret the origin of the binding-energy shifts observed in this study.
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Acknowledgements
This work was carried out in the Center for Microanalysis of Materials, University of Illinois, which is partially supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under grant DEFG02-91-ER45439. This work was also supported by the National Science Foundation Grant CHE 9985837. The authors acknowledge the original design of the electrochemistry–XPS transfer system by P. Mrozek, currently at Micron Technology, Boise, ID 83707, USA.
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Dedicated to Zbigniew Galus on the occasion of his 70th birthday
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Vericat, C., Wakisaka, M., Haasch, R. et al. Binding energy of ruthenium submonolayers deposited on a Pt(111) electrode. J Solid State Electrochem 8, 794–803 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-004-0547-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-004-0547-4