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Transcriptome analysis of human peri-implant soft tissue and periodontal gingiva: a paired design study

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Abstract

Objectives

Limited information is available about the biological characterization of peri-implant soft tissue at the transcriptional level. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dental implant on the soft tissue in vivo by using paired samples and compare the differences between peri-implant soft tissue and periodontal gingiva at the transcriptional level.

Methods

Paired peri-implant soft tissue and periodontal gingiva tissue from 6 patients were obtained, and the pooled RNAs were analyzed by deep sequencing. Venn diagram was used to further screen out differentially expressed genes in every pair of samples. Annotation and enrichment analysis was performed. Further verification was done by quantitative real-time PCR.

Results

Totally 3549 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found between peri-implant and periodontal groups. The Venn diagram further identified 185 DEGs in every pair of samples, of which the enrichment analysis identified significant enrichment for cellular component was associated with external side of plasma membrane, for molecular function was protein binding, for biological process was immune system process, and for KEGG pathway was cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Among the DEGs, CST1, SPP1, AQP9, and SFRP2 were verified to be upregulated in peri-implant soft tissue.

Conclusions

Peri-implant soft tissue showed altered expressions of several genes related to the cell-ECM interaction compared to periodontal gingiva.

Clinical relevance

Compared to periodontal gingiva, altered cell-ECM interactions in peri-implant may contribute to the susceptibility of peri-implant diseases. At the transcriptional level, periodontal gingiva is generally considered the appropriate control for peri-implantitis, except regarding the cell-ECM interactions.

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Funding

This study was supported by funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82201095, 82271005, 81970975, and 81600914); the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation, China (Nos. 2021A1515010821 and 2021A1515110303); the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou, China (No. 202102021198); the Guangdong Financial Fund for High-Caliber Hospital Construction, China (No. 174–2018-XMZC-0001–03-0125/D-10); and the Medical Science Research Foundation of Guangdong Province, China (No. A2018422).

Author information

Author notes

  1. Danying Chen and Zhixin Li have contributed equally to the work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Danying Chen, Zhixin Li, Zhipeng Li, Yue Sun, Qifan Liu, Jieting Yang, Jiaying Song, Huaxiong Cai, Zhicai Feng, Zhuofan Chen & Baoxin Huang

  2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou, China

    Danying Chen, Zhixin Li, Zhipeng Li, Yue Sun, Qifan Liu, Jieting Yang, Jiaying Song, Huaxiong Cai, Zhicai Feng, Zhuofan Chen & Baoxin Huang

  3. Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Danying Chen, Zhixin Li, Zhipeng Li, Yue Sun, Qifan Liu, Jieting Yang, Jiaying Song, Huaxiong Cai, Zhicai Feng, Zhuofan Chen & Baoxin Huang

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  1. Danying Chen
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Contributions

Danying Chen was responsible for the transcriptomic analysis and the manuscript drafting. Zhixin Li was responsible for the qPCR analysis. Qifan Liu, Yue Sun, Zhipeng Li, Jieting Yang, and Jiaying Song were responsible for sample processing. Zhicai Feng, Huaxiong Cai, and Baoxin Huang were responsible for interpretation of results and manuscript polishing. Baoxin Huang and Zhuofan Chen conducted the clinical surgeries and supervised the studies.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhuofan Chen or Baoxin Huang.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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The current study was conducted in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki (version, 2013). The ethical approval was obtained from the Ethical Committee of Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University (Ethics number: ERC-2016–21).

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Chen, D., Li, Z., Li, Z. et al. Transcriptome analysis of human peri-implant soft tissue and periodontal gingiva: a paired design study. Clin Oral Invest 27, 3937–3948 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-023-05017-y

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