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Non-surgical periodontal therapy influences salivary melatonin levels

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Clinical Oral Investigations Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Objectives

Melatonin is a hormone, which is involved in the control of the circadian rhythm, but also acts as an antioxidant and immune modulator. Previous studies reported decreased salivary and serum melatonin levels in periodontitis. This prospective cohort trial assessed the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on melatonin levels.

Methods

Salivary and serum samples of 60 participants (30 patients suffering from a severe generalized form of periodontitis, 30 healthy controls) were collected at baseline and 19 samples of periodontitis patients after treatment. Salivary and serum melatonin levels were determined by a commercially available ELISA kit and serum C-reactive protein (CRP) by a routine laboratory test.

Results

At baseline, periodontitis patients showed significantly increased serum CRP values and significantly decreased salivary melatonin levels compared to the control group. Clinical periodontal parameters significantly correlated with salivary melatonin levels and serum CRP. Periodontal therapy resulted in a recovery of the decreased salivary melatonin levels and a negative correlation was detected for the changes of salivary melatonin and the inflammatory parameter bleeding on probing. Serum melatonin levels showed no significant differences.

Conclusions

Salivary melatonin levels recovered after periodontal therapy and correlated with a decrease of local periodontal inflammation. This may imply the local involvement of melatonin in the pathogenesis of periodontitis due to its antioxidant abilities. However, the exact role of melatonin in periodontal disease remains to be investigated in future trials.

Clinical relevance

The present results suggest salivary melatonin as a risk indicator for the severity of periodontal disease.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mrs. Hedwig Rutschek and Mrs. Phuong Quynh Nguyen (laboratory technicians of the Bernhard Gottlieb School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria) for their excellent work in preparing and performing the experiments. Greiner Bio One supported this study by financing materials (reagents and saliva collection system) (Medical University of Vienna, §26, project number AP00345OFF).

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Oral Surgery, Bernhard Gottlieb School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria

    Kristina Bertl

  2. Division of Orthodontics, Bernhard Gottlieb School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Sensengasse 2a, 1090, Vienna, Austria

    Angelika Schoiber, Oleh Andrukhov & Xiaohui Rausch-Fan

  3. Division of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Bernhard Gottlieb School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria

    Hady Haririan

  4. Division of Dental Education, Bernhard Gottlieb School of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria

    Markus Laky

  5. Center for Medical Statistics, Informatics, and Intelligent Systems, Section for Medical Statistics, Medical University of Vienna, Austria, Vienna, Austria

    Irene Steiner

  6. Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department for Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria

    W. D. Rausch

Authors
  1. Kristina Bertl
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  2. Angelika Schoiber
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  8. Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xiaohui Rausch-Fan.

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Bertl, K., Schoiber, A., Haririan, H. et al. Non-surgical periodontal therapy influences salivary melatonin levels. Clin Oral Invest 17, 1219–1225 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0801-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-012-0801-6

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