Abstract
In this study, the precipitation concentration index (PCI), the seasonal PCI (SPCI), the precipitation concentration degree (PCD), and the precipitation concentration period (PCP) were analyzed using monthly precipitation data from Serbia during the period from 1946 to 2019. The spatial distribution of annual PCI showed a uniform-to-moderate precipitation concentration over the country. The SPCI maps showed a uniform distribution of precipitation over the whole region in spring and winter and a uniform-to-moderate seasonal precipitation concentration from west to east in summer and autumn. The correlation decay distance (CDD) was calculated for each station to show the spatial variability of precipitation and to provide complementary information for precipitation concentration analysis. The obtained map showed a decreasing gradient from southwest to the north of Serbia. According to the obtained PCD maps for two sub-periods (1946–1989 and 1990–2019), it was realized that the precipitation concentration of the southern part was decreasing over time. The pattern of PCD is in line with the pattern of annual PCI and a significant positive correlation of 0.65 is observed between the PCD and annual PCI. Comparing the maps produced by the CDD and PCD, it can be concluded that the region with lower spatial variability of precipitation has the highest precipitation concentration and vice versa. The topography of the region also showed a direct relation with the spatial variability of precipitation and an indirect relation with the precipitation concentration. Hence, the higher the elevation, the higher the spatial variability of precipitation and the lower the precipitation concentration. The highest correlations are also observed between the PCD for the second sub-period and latitude, and the summer PCI and longitude at 0.75 and 0.73, respectively.
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The data are available from the corresponding author upon request.
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Mohammad Arab Amiri prepared a methodology part, applied necessary methods using different software, wrote draft version of the manuscript, and participated in revision of the manuscript. Milan Gocic conceptualized the manuscript, did supervision and validation, and participated in reviewing and editing the manuscript.
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Amiri, M.A., Gocić, M. Analyzing the applicability of some precipitation concentration indices over Serbia. Theor Appl Climatol 146, 645–656 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-021-03743-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-021-03743-5