Abstract
Osmunda japonica Thunb., a medicinal plant newly recorded in the Chinese pharmacopoeia, has been used for centuries for treatment of viral influenza, dysentery, and bleeding. Although O. japonica and its adulterants have different medicinal effects and clinical applications, it is difficult to differentiate O. japonica from its adulterants used in medicine. To distinguish O. japonica from its adulterants, two chloroplast barcodes (psbA-trnH and rbcL) were tested for the first time. Genetic distance, genetic divergence, maximum likelihood tree, barcoding gap, and identification efficiency were calculated and analyzed for identification of O. japonica and its adulterants. The results showed the two barcodes could be used to identify O. japonica and its adulterants, and the performance of psbA-trnH was better in terms of amplification, sequencing, genetic divergence, and variation. The psbA-trnH region resulted in less overlap than rbcL, and greater interspecific divergence. On the basis of psbA-trnH sequences, a pair of primers was designed for specific identification of O. japonica. Our findings indicated that psbA-trnH was the optimum barcode, and rbcL could be as a complementary barcode for authenticating O. japonica and its adulterants, which was helpful for further clinical application of the materials.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Asahina H, Shinozaki J, Masuda K, Morimitsu Y, Satake M (2010) Identification of medicinal Dendrobium species by phylogenetic analyses using matK and rbcL sequences. J Nat Med 64:133–138
Chen SL et al (2010) Validation of the ITS2 region as a novel DNA barcode for identifying medicinal plant species. PLoS ONE 5:e8613
Dauphin B, Vieu J, Grant JR (2014) Molecular phylogenetics supports widespread cryptic species in Moonworts (Botrychium S.S., Ophioglossaceae). Amer J Bot 101:128–140
Ebihara A, Nitta JH, Ito M (2010) Molecular species identification with rich floristic sampling: DNA barcoding the pteridophyte flora of Japan. PLoS ONE 5:e15136
Groot GA, During HJ, Maas JW, Schneider H, Vogel JC, Erkens RH (2011) Use of rbcL and trnL-F as a two-locus DNA barcode for identification of NW-European ferns: an ecological perspective. PLoS ONE 6:e16371
Hebert PD, Cywinska A, Ball SL, Waard JR (2003a) Biological identifications through DNA barcodes. Proc Roy Soc London Ser B Biol Sci 270:313–321
Hebert PD, Ratnasingham S, Waard JR (2003b) Barcoding animal life: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 divergences among closely related species. Proc Roy Soc London Ser B Biol Sci 270:S96–S99
Hollingsworth PM et al (2009) A DNA barcode for land plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 106:12794–12797
Hollingsworth PM, Graham SW, Little DP (2011) Choosing and using a plant DNA barcode. PLoS ONE 6:e19254
Huang LF, Zheng SH, Wu LB, Jiang X, Chen SL (2014) Ecotypes of Cistanche deserticolabased on chemical component and molecular traits. Sci Sin Vitae 44:318–328
Korall P, Connat DS, Metzgar JS, Schneider H, Pryer KM (2007) A molecular phylogeny of scaly tree ferns (Cyatheaceae). Amer J Bot 94:873–886
Li FW et al (2011) rbcL and matK earn two thumbs up as the core DNA barcode for ferns. PLoS ONE 6:e26597
Li SB, Zhang D, Yang L, Yang HJ (2012) Research advances in chemical constituents of plants in Matteuccia Todaro and their pharmacological activities. Drugs Clin 27:292–296
Lou ZC, Qin B (1995) species systematics and quality control of commonly used traditional Chinese medicine, 2nd edn. Unionsverlag of Beijing Medical University and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
Ma XY et al (2010) Species identification of medicinal Pteridophytes by a DNA Barcode Marker, the chloroplast trnH-psbA intergenic region. Biol Pharm Bull 33:1919–1924
Meyer CP, Paulay G (2005) DNA barcoding: error rates based on comprehensive sampling. PLoS Biol 3:e422
National Pharmacopoeia Committee (2010) Pharmacopoeia of People’s Republic of China. Chinese medical science Press, Beijing
Ross HA, Murugan S, Li WL (2008) Testing the reliability of genetic methods of species identification via simulation. Syst Biol 57:216–230
Shaw J, Lickey EB, Schilling EE, Small RL (2007) Comparison of whole chloroplast genome sequences to choose noncoding regions for phylogenetic studies in angiosperms: the tortoise and the hare III. Amer J Bot 94:275–288
Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S (2011) MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Molec Biol Evol 28:2731–2739
Yao H et al (2010) Use of ITS2 region as the universal DNA barcode for plants and animals. PLoS ONE 5:e13102
Yatabe Y, Masuyama S, Darnaedi D, Murakami N (2001) Molecular systematics of the Asplenium nidus complex from Mt. Halimun National Park, Indonesia: evidence for reproductive isolation among three sympatric rbcL sequence types. Amer J Bot 88:1517–1522
Zheng SH, Jiang X, Wu LB, Wang ZH, Huang LF (2014a) Chemical and genetic discrimination of cistanches herba based on UPLC-QTOF/MS and DNA barcoding. PLoS ONE 9:e98061
Zheng SH, Liu DW, Ren WG, Fu J, Huang LF, Chen SL (2014b) Integrated analysis for identifying radix astragali and its adulterants based on DNA barcoding. Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med 2014:843923
Zhu YJ et al (2010) DNA barcoding the medicinal plants of the genus Paris. Acta Pharm Sin 45:376–382
Acknowledgments
The research was funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation (No. 81274013 and 81473315); the National Natural Foundation of the Major Program of China (No. 81130069) and the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of Ministry of Education of China (IRT1150). We thank Shi LC, Yao H, Luo K, Ma XC for part support of the data analysis.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Handling editor: Jochen Heinrichs.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zheng, S.H., Ren, W.G., Wang, Z.H. et al. Use of chloroplast DNA barcodes to identify Osmunda japonica and its adulterants. Plant Syst Evol 301, 1843–1850 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-015-1197-y
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00606-015-1197-y