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Sol-gel synthesis of cubic titanium dioxide nanoparticle using poly(ethylene glycol) as a capping agent: voltammetric simultaneous determination of uric acid and guanine

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Abstract

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized by a sol-gel method from hexafluorotitanic acid using poly(ethylene glycol) as a capping agent. The crystal structure and morphology of the NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction, FESEM, and TEM. The NPs were used to modify a graphite paste electrode for simultaneous determination of uric acid (UA) and guanine (GU). The effect of calcination temperature on crystal structure and electrocatalytic activity was investigated. The electrochemical responses to UA and GU at bare GP, TiO2–350/GP, and TiO2–600/GP electrodes were compared. The DPV oxidation peaks of UA and GU were found to be strongest at around 304 and 673 mV, respectively, against Ag/AgCl reference electrode, and this are well separated for effective simultaneous determination. UA and GU can be simultaneously determined by this method. Response is linear within the range 0.1–500 μM and 0.1–40 μM for UA and GU, respectively. The detection limits are 70 nM for UA and 50 nM for GU (at an S/N  ratio of 3). The TiO2–600/GP electrode showed excellent analytical performance when analyzing spiked urine and serum samples.

A graphical representation of cubic TiO2 nanoparticle formation during hydrolysis through sol-gel process.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank UGC DAE Consortium, Kolkata centre and CRNN, Calcutta University for providing XRD, FESEM and TEM imaging facilities. One of the authors (S. Pradhan) is thankful to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) India for a Senior Research Fellowship.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Instrumentation & Electronics Engineering, Jadavpur University Salt Lake Campus, Kolkata, 700098, India

    Sudip Biswas, Hemanta Naskar & Rajib Bandyopadhyay

  2. Department of Instrumentation Science, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India

    Susmita Pradhan

  3. Laboratory of Artificial Sensory Systems, ITMO University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

    Rajib Bandyopadhyay

  4. Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, GLA University, Mathura, 281 406, India

    Panchanan Pramanik

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  1. Sudip Biswas
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  2. Susmita Pradhan
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  5. Panchanan Pramanik
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Correspondence to Panchanan Pramanik.

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Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

Structure of uric acid and guanine, particle size distribution of TiO2–600, Variation of peak potential vs. logarithm of scan rate plot at TiO2–600/GP electrode, Repeatability of TiO2–600/GP electrode, Influence of foreign substances (metal ions and electroactive biomolecules) to the DPV voltammetric peak current of studied molecules at TiO2–600/GP electrode, UV-Vis absorbance spectra of TiO2–600 and TiO2–350 Nps, Flat band model for electron transfer from molecule to TiO2–600/GP electrode surface. (DOCX 1.73 mb)

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Biswas, S., Pradhan, S., Naskar, H. et al. Sol-gel synthesis of cubic titanium dioxide nanoparticle using poly(ethylene glycol) as a capping agent: voltammetric simultaneous determination of uric acid and guanine. Microchim Acta 185, 513 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-3042-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-3042-9

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