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A star-shaped DNA probe based on strand displacement for universal and multiplexed fluorometric detection of genetic variations

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Abstract

A star-shaped fluorescent DNA probe (S-probe) is described that can recognize target DNA and discriminate it from interfering DNA via strand displacement including branch migration and toehold exchange. The artificially designed S-probe does not harm the strand displacement while it allows the fluorescently labelled strand and the quencher-labelled strand to be shared among different S-probes targeting different genetic variations. Generally, multiplexed detection of different MT/WT pairs requires different fluorophore-labelled and quencher-labelled strands. The two labelled oligonucleotides of S-probe have sequences decoupled from the target/interfering DNA sequence, so the same fluorescent and quencher strands can be used for different S-probes that target different sequences. The sensitivity, specificity, and general applicability of the method toward BRCA 41293497 mutation, KRAS G13D mutation and two types of EGFR mutations (T790 M and L858R) were experimentally demonstrated. The limit of quantification of the MT concentration is 2 nM, and the detection limit of the low abundance of the target sequence is 5% (40 nM of MT strand in the background of 760 nM of WT strand). The fluorometric assay with excitation/emission wavelengths of 485/582 nm was successfully applied to clinical samples spiked with mutant-type and wild-type DNA. The unique structure of the S-probe provides a useful tool for the regulation of the strand displacement reaction. Conceivably, the star-shaped DNA probe can be widely adopted to multiplexed detection of genetic variations and provide novel insights into the regulation of strand displacement processes as utilized in DNA based nanomachines.

A star-shaped fluorescent DNA probe (S-probe) with a detection limit of 2 nM was adopted to multiplexed detection of genetic variations via strand displacement including branch migration and toehold exchange.

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Acknowledgements

The work is financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 21705053), Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2017CFB117), Hubei Province health and family planning scientific research project (No. J2017Q017), Wuhan Youth Science and Technology Plan (2017050304010293) and the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS).

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  1. Na Liu and Kai Xu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre of Reproductive Medicine/Family Planning Research Institute, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China

    Na Liu, Liquan Liu, Xin Chen, Yufan Zou & Xianjin Xiao

  2. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China

    Kai Xu

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  1. Na Liu
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Correspondence to Xianjin Xiao.

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Liu, N., Xu, K., Liu, L. et al. A star-shaped DNA probe based on strand displacement for universal and multiplexed fluorometric detection of genetic variations. Microchim Acta 185, 413 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00604-018-2941-0

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