Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Estimating the Peak Indentation Force of the Edge Chipping of Rocks Using Single Point-Attack Pick

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This article establishes a new model for estimating the peak indentation force of the edge chipping of rocks when using a conical or a pyramidal point-attack pick. The investigation points out that the existing formulation in the literature is based on an inappropriate stress assumption and equilibrium, and hence leads to incorrect cutting force estimations. The new model developed in this study is based on an analysis of the penetration force and energy dissipation using fracture mechanics, similarity of chip geometry, and edge chipping tests on four different rock materials. It is found that the peak indentation force and the depth of cut follow a power law, that the new model can reasonably estimate the experimental measurements, and that it provides useful information for the shape optimization of point-attack picks in mechanical excavation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Almond E, McCormick N (1986) Constant-geometry edge-flaking of brittle materials. Nature 321(6065):53–55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Balci C, Bilgin N (2007) Correlative study of linear small and full-scale rock cutting tests to select mechanized excavation machines. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 44(3):468–476

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bilgin N, Yazici S, Eskikaya S (1996) A model to predict the performance of roadheaders and impact hammers in tunnel drivages. In: International Eurock 96 Symposium, Torino, 2–5 Sep

  • Bilgin N, Demircin MA, Copur H, Balci C, Tuncdemir H, Akcin N (2006) Dominant rock properties affecting the performance of conical picks and the comparison of some experimental and theoretical results. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 43(1):139–156

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chai H, Lawn B (2007) A universal relation for edge chipping from sharp contacts in brittle materials: a simple means of toughness evaluation. Acta Mater 55(7):2555–2561

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheatham J Jr (1958) An analytical study of rock penetration by a single bit tooth. In: Eighth annual drilling and blasting symposium, University of Minnesota, pp 2–4

  • Copur H, Bilgin N, Tuncdemir H, Balci C (2003) A set of indices based on indentation tests for assessment of rock cutting performance and rock properties. J S Afr Inst Min Metall 103(9):589–599

    Google Scholar 

  • Dollinger GL, Handewith HJ, Breeds CD (1998) Use of the indentation tests for estimating TBM performance. In: lo KY (ed) Canadian tunneling, the annual publication of the tunneling association of canada, pp 27–33

  • Evans I (1984) A theory of the cutting force for point-attack picks. Geotech Geol Eng 2(1):63–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Fowell R, Ochei N (1984) A comparison of dust make and energy requirements for rock cutting tools. Geotech Geol Eng 2(1):73–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Gogotsi G, Mudrik S, Galenko V (2007) Evaluation of fracture resistance of ceramics: edge fracture tests. Ceram Int 33(3):315–320

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goktan R (1995) Prediction of drag bit cutting force in hard rocks. In: Ozdemir LHK (ed) Proceedings of the 3rd international symposium on mine mechanization and automation, Golden, Colorado, pp 10–31

  • Goktan R (1997) A suggested improvement on Evans’ cutting theory for conical bits. In: Gurgenci HHM (ed) Proceedings of the fourth international symposium on mine mechanization and automation, Brisbane, Queensland, pp 57–61

  • Goktan RM, Gunes N (2005) A semi-empirical approach to cutting force prediction for point-attack picks. J S Afr Inst Min Metall 105:257–263

    Google Scholar 

  • Guo H, Aziz NI, Schmidt LC (1992) Rock cutting study using linear elastic fracture mechanics. Eng Fract Mech 41(5):771–778

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hood M, Alehossein H (2000) A development in rock cutting technology. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 37(1–2):297–305

    Google Scholar 

  • Huang H, Damjanac B, Detournay E (1998) Normal wedge indentation in rocks with lateral confinement. Rock Mech Rock Eng 31(2):81–94

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hurt K, Evans I (1981) Point attack tools: an evaluation of function and use for rock cutting. Min Eng 140:673–675

    Google Scholar 

  • Hurt KG, McAndrew KM (1985) Cutting efficiency and life of rock-cutting picks. Min Sci Technol 2:139–151

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Inyang HI (2002) Developments in drag bit cutting of rocks for energy infrastructure. Int J Surf Min Reclam Environ 16(4):248–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson KL (1987) Contact mechanics. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

  • Khair AW (1996) The effects of bit geometry on rock cutting efficiency. Appl Occup Environ Hyg 11(7):695–700

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawn B (1993) Fracture of brittle solids. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge

  • McCormick N (1992) Edge flaking as a measure of material performance. Met Mater 8(3):154–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Mishnaevsky L (1995) Physical mechanisms of hard rock fragmentation under mechanical loading: a review. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 32(8):763–766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mishnaevsky Jr L (1998) Rock fragmentation and optimization of drilling tools. In: Aliabadi MH (ed) Fracture of rock, Computational Mechanics Publications, pp 167–203

  • Pang SS, Goldsmith W, Hood M (1989) A force-indentation model for brittle rocks. Rock Mech Rock Eng 22(2):127–148

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paul B, Sikarskie D (1965) A preliminary theory of static penetration by a rigid wedge into a brittle material. Trans Am Inst Min Metall Petrol Eng 232:372–383

    Google Scholar 

  • Quinn J, Su L, Flanders L, Lloyd I (2000) Edge toughness and material properties related to the machining of dental ceramics. Mach Sci Technol 4(2):291–304

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ranman KE (1985) A model describing rock cutting with conical picks. Rock Mech Rock Eng 18(2):131–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roxborough FF, Liu ZC (1995) Theoretical considerations on pick shape in rock and coal cutting. In: TS G (ed) Proceedings of the sixth underground operator’s conference, Kalgoorlie, pp 189–193

  • Yilmaz NG, Yurdakul M, Goktan RM (2007) Prediction of radial bit cutting force in high-strength rocks using multiple linear regression analysis. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci 44(6):962–970

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhang LC, Alexander AJ (2007) Cutting pick 2007903627

  • Zhang LC, Alexander AJ (2008) Cutting tip and tool PCT/AU2008/000969

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors appreciate the financial support from the Australian Research Council and BRADKEN®.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia

    R. H. Bao, L. C. Zhang & Q. Y. Yao

  2. Mining Buckets and G.E.T, BRADKEN®, PO Box 105, Waratah, NSW, 2298, Australia

    J. Lunn

Authors
  1. R. H. Bao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. L. C. Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Q. Y. Yao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. J. Lunn
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. C. Zhang.

Additional information

R. H. Bao—On leave from Department of Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bao, R.H., Zhang, L.C., Yao, Q.Y. et al. Estimating the Peak Indentation Force of the Edge Chipping of Rocks Using Single Point-Attack Pick. Rock Mech Rock Eng 44, 339–347 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-010-0133-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00603-010-0133-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation