Abstract
Surgical resection is the mainstay treatment for resectable gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). However, resection in anatomically challenging locations, such as near the gastroesophageal junction, lesser curve and fundus, remain technically challenging. We herein report the outcomes of the largest series of patients who underwent single-incision transgastric resection of an intraluminal gastric GIST. Our reduced-port resection technique for intraluminal GISTs in these anatomically challenging locations involves a single incision in the left hypochondrium, deepened to access the gastric lumen, with the surgery completed in a transgastric manner. A total of 22 patients received surgery with this technique at the National University Hospital in Singapore from November 2012 to September 2020. The median operative time was 101 (range 50–253) min, with no conversions to open surgery, median lesion size 3.6 (range 1.8–8.2) cm and median postoperative length of stay 5 (range 1–13) days. There was no 30-day mortality and no recurrence during the follow-up period. Our laparoscopic approach for reduced-port transgastric excision of intraluminal GISTs allows for adequate surgical clearance, convenient extraction and secure gastrostomy closure with low morbidity.
Data availability
All data generated or analyzed during this study are included in this article. Further enquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.
References
Roggin KK, Posner MC. Modern treatment of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors. World J Gastroenterol. 2012;18(46):6720–8.
Agaimy A, Wünsch PH. Lymph node metastasis in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) occurs preferentially in young patients ≤40 years: an overview based on our case material and the literature. Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2009;394:375–81.
Dematteo RP, Heinrich MC, El-Rifai WM, Demetri G. Clinical management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: before and after STI-571. Hum Pathol. 2002;33(5):466–77.
De Vogelaere K, Van Loo I, Peters O, Hoorens A, Haentjens P, Delvaux G. Laparoscopic resection of gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) is safe and effective, irrespective of tumor size. Surg Endosc. 2012;26(8):2339–45.
Privette A, McCahill L, Borrazzo E, Single RM, Zubarik R. Laparoscopic approaches to resection of suspected gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors based on tumor location. Surg Endosc. 2008;22:487–94.
Zoras O, Spiliotis J. Nonepithelial, submucosal gastric tumors: is laparoscopic wedge resection the optimal treatment? Surg Endosc. 2011;25:2052–3.
Zhou PH, Yao LQ, Qin XY, Cai MY, Xu MD, Zhong YS, et al. Endoscopic full-thickness resection without laparoscopic assistance for gastric submucosal tumors originated from the muscularis propria. Surg Endosc. 2011;25:2926–31.
Daigle C, Meneghetti AT, Lam J, Panton ON. Laparoscopic management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors: review at a Canadian centre. Can J Surg. 2012;55(2):105–9.
Abe N, Takeuchi H, Yanagida O, Masaki T, Mori T, Sugiyama M, et al. Endoscopic full-thickness resection with laparoscopic assistance as hybrid NOTES for gastric submucosal tumor. Asian J Endosc Surg. 2012;5(2):81–5.
Song KY, Kim SN, Park CH. Tailored-approach of laparoscopic wedge resection for treatment of submucosal tumor near the esophagogastric junction. Surg Endosc. 2007;21(12):2272–6.
Wilhelm D, von Delius S, Burian M, Schneider A, Frimberger E, Meining A, et al. Simultaneous use of laparoscopy and endoscopy for minimally invasive resection of gastric subepithelial masses—analysis of 93 interventions. World J Surg. 2008;32(6):1021–8.
Nguyen NT, Jim J, Nguyen A, Lee J, Chang K. Laparoscopic resection of gastric stromal tumor: a tailored approach. Am Surg. 2003;69(11):946–50.
Tagaya N, Mikami H, Kubota K. Laparoscopic resection of gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumors located in the upper stomach. Surg Endosc. 2004;18(10):1469–74.
Uchikoshi F, Ito T, Nishida T, Kitagawa T, Endo S, Matsuda H. Laparoscopic intragastric resection of gastric stromal tumor located at the esophago-cardiac junction. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2004;14(1):1–4.
Ma JJ, Hu WG, Zang L, Yan XW, Lu AG, Wang ML, et al. Laparoscopic gastric resection approaches for gastrointestinal stromal tumors of stomach. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2011;21(2):101–5.
Kim HC, Lee JM, Kim KW, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach: CT findings and prediction of malignancy. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2004;183(4):893–8.
Huang H, Liu YX, Zhan ZL, Liang H, Wang P, Ren XB. Different sites and prognoses of gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach: report of 187 cases. World J Surg. 2010;34(7):1523–33.
Hwang SH, Parkdo J, Kim YH, Lee KH, Lee HS, Kim HH, et al. Laparoscopic surgery for submucosal tumors located at the esophagogastric junction and the prepylorus. Surg Endosc. 2009;23:1980–7.
Eisenberg BL, Trent JC. Adjuvant and neoadjuvant imatinib therapy: current role in the management of gastrointestinal stromal tumors. Int J Cancer. 2011;129(11):2533–42.
Shrikhande SV, Marda SS, Suradkar K, Arya S, Shetty GS, Bal M, et al. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: case series of 29 patients defining the role of imatinib prior to surgery. World J Surg. 2012;36(4):864–71.
Koontz MZ, Visser BM, Kunz PL. Neoadjuvant imatinib for borderline resectable GIST. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2012;10(12):1477–82.
Stanek M, Major P, Wierdak M, Pędziwiatr M, Radkowiak D, Zychowicz A, et al. Laparoscopic gastric resection with per oral specimen extraction in treatment of intramural gastric tumors. Pol Przegl Chir. 2017;89(1):16–21.
Hiki N, Nunobe S, Matsuda T, Hirasawa T, Yamamoto Y, Yamaguchi T. Laparoscopic endoscopic cooperative surgery. Dig Endosc. 2015;27(2):197–204.
Hara J, Nakajima K, Takahashi T, Yamasaki M, Miyata H, Kurokawa Y, Takiguchi S, Mori M, Doki Y. Laparoscopic intragastric surgery revisited: its role for submucosal tumors adjacent to the esophagogastric junction. Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech. 2012;22(3):251–4.
Zhang M, Cai X, Liang C, Weng Y, Yu W. Single-Incision laparoscopic intragastric surgery for gastric submucosal tumors located near the esophagogastric junction. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2022;32(4):360–5.
Katsuyama S, Nakajima K, Kurokawa Y, Takahashi T, Miyazaki Y, Makino T, Yamasaki M, Takiguchi S, Mori M, Doki Y. Single-incision laparoscopic intragastric surgery for gastric submucosal tumor located adjacent to esophagogastric junction: report of four cases. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2018;28(1):78–82.
Blay JY, Bonvalot S, Casali P, Choi H, Debiec-Richter M, Dei Tos AP, et al. Consensus meeting for the management of gas- trointestinal stromal tumors. Report of the GIST consensus conference of 20–21 march 2004, under the auspices of ESMO. Ann Oncol. 2005;16:566–78.
Koh YX, Chok AY, Zheng HL, Tan CS, Chow PK, Wong WK, et al. A systematic review and meta-analysis comparing laparoscopic versus open gastric resection for gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach. Ann Surg Oncol. 2013;20(11):3549–60.
Ipek T, Eyuboglu E, Ozben V. Partial splenic infarction as a complication of laparoscopic floppy nissen fundoplication. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2010;20(4):333–7.
NCCN guidelines for soft tissue sarcoma (2012) (cited 2013 Aug 1). http://www.nccn.org/professionals/physicians_gls/f_guidelines.asp#sarcoma).
Iwahashi M, Takifuji K, Ojima T, Nakamura M, Nakamori M, Nakatani Y, et al. Surgical management of small gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the stomach. World J Surg. 2006;30(1):28–35.
Warsi AA, Peyser PM. Laparoscopic resection of gastric GIST and benign gastric tumors: evolution of a new technique. Surg Endosc. 2010;24(1):72–8.
Tagaya N, Mikami H, Kogure H, Kubota K, Hosoya Y, Nagai H. Laparoscopic intragastric stapled resection of gastric submucosal tumors located near the esophagogastric junction. Surg Endosc. 2002;16(1):177–9.
Li VK, Hung WK, Chung CK, Ying MW, Lam BY, Kan DM, et al. Laparoscopic intragastric approach for stromal tumors located at the posterior gastric wall. Asian J Surg. 2008;31(1):6–10.
Omori T, Nakajima K, Ohashi S, et al. Laparoscopic intragastric surgery under carbon dioxide pneumostomach. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2008;18(1):47–51. https://doi.org/10.1089/lap.2006.0201.
Catalano F, Rodella L, Lombardo F, Silano M, Tomezzoli A, Fuini A, et al. Endoscopic submucosal dissection in the treatment of gastric submucosal tumors: results from a retrospective cohort study. Gastric Cancer. 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10120-012-0225-7.
Kim CJ, Day S, Yeh KA. Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: analysis of clinical and pathologic factors. Am Surg. 2001;67(2):135–7.
Acknowledgements
No acknowledgements.
Funding
No funding was received for this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
NXH was involved in the conception of the study, data collection, data analysis, as well as manuscript writing. JHL was involved in the conception of the study, data collection, data analysis, as well as manuscript writing. JBYS was involved in the conception of the study, data analysis, as well as manuscript writing. GK was involved in the conception of the study, data analysis, as well as manuscript writing. AS was involved in the conception of the study, data analysis, as well as manuscript writing.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Nicole Xinrong Han, Jia Hao Law, Jimmy Bok Yan So, Guowei Kim and Asim Shabbir have no conflict of interest.
Statement of ethics
National Healthcare Group Domain Specific Review Board (NHG DSRB) Approval under DSRB Domain B (Reference number: 2020/01266) was sought and obtained. The need for written consent was waived.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Law, J.H., Han, N.X., So, J.B.Y. et al. Single-incision transgastric resection for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors in anatomically challenging locations. Surg Today 53, 1401–1408 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-023-02694-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00595-023-02694-w