References
Rentfrow B, Vaidya C, Elia A, Sethi A (2013) Lead Toxicity and Management of Gunshot Wounds in the Lumbar Spine. Eur Spine J. doi:10.1007/s00586-013-2805-6
Bartlett CS, Helfet DL, Hausman MR, Strauss E (2000) Ballistics and gunshot wounds: effects on musculoskeletal tissues. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 8(1):21–36
Scuderi GJ, Vaccaro AR, Fitzhenry LN, Greenberg S, Eismont F (2004) Long-term clinical manifestations of retained bullet fragments within the intervertebral disk space. J Spinal Disord Tech 17(2):108–111
Grogan DP, Bucholz RW (1981) Acute lead intoxication from a bullet in an intervertebral disc space. J Bone Joint Surg Am 63:1180–1182
Cristante AF, de Souza FI, Barros Filho TE, Oliveira RP, Marcon RM (2010) Lead poisoning by intradiscal firearm bullet: a case report. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 35(4):E140–E143
Howland WS Jr, Ritchey SJ (1971) Gunshot fractures in civilian practice: an evaluation of the results of limited surgical treatment. J Bone Joint Surg Am 53:47–55
Leonard NH (1969) The solution of lead by synovial fluid. Clin Orthop Relat Res 64:255–261
Needleman H (2004) Lead poisoning. Ann Rev Med 55:209–222
Conflict of interest
None.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bellabarba, C. Expert’s comment concerning Grand Rounds case entitled “Lead toxicity and management of gunshot wounds in the lumbar spine” (by B. Rentfrow, R. Vaidya, C. Elia, A. Sethi doi:10.1007/s00586-013-2805-6). Eur Spine J 22, 2358–2359 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-013-2807-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00586-013-2807-4