Skip to main content
Log in

A dry release of polyimide electrodes using Kapton film and application to EEG signal measurements

  • Technical Paper
  • Published:
Microsystem Technologies Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We describe here a simple and novel method to fabricate polyimide (PI) electrodes without a complex process to release completed PI electrodes from the substrates after full-curing process. We separated the PI electrodes from the Si-wafer prior to full-curing process, and these non full-cured electrodes were placed between the Kapton films, and we performed full-curing process with these sandwiched electrodes. Then, PI electrodes were easily and clearly released from the substrate without the sacrificial layers. We assessed the mechanical properties of fabricated electrodes comparing with non full-cured PI electrodes to investigate the full-curing effect between Kapton films. The electrical property was evaluated by measuring the impedance. Testing of the cyto-toxicity of full-cured electrodes using human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and mouse fibroblasts (L929) was carried out and the electrodes fabricated by proposed method were nontoxic and could be used as implantable electrodes. We also found that the electrodes, uniformly spread on the surface of mouse skulls while maintaining close contact, could successfully measure multichannel EEG signals.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Baek D-H, Lee E-J, Moon J-H, Choi J-H, Pak JJ-H, Lee S-H (2009) Polyimide-based multi-channel arrayed electrode for measuring EEG signal on the skull of mouse. In: 31st annual international conference of the IEEE EMBS Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA, September 2–6, 2009_Oral:7022–7025

  • Bagolini A, Pakula L, Scholtes T, Pham H, French P, Sarro P (2002) Polyimide sacrificial layer for post-processing surface micromachining. J Micromech Microeng 12:385–389

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheung K, Renaud P, Tanila H, Djupsund K (2007) Flexible polyimide microelectrode array for in vivo recordings and current source density analysis. Biosens Bioelectron 22(8):1783–1790

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Choi J, Lee M, Kim J, Shin H (2007) A flexible multichannel electrode for mouse brain and its application to mouse EEG. In: Proceedings of NFSI & ICFBI 2007, Hangzhou, China, 12–14 October 2007, pp 230–231

  • Ghosh M, Mittal K (1996) Polyimides: fundamentals and applications. Marcel Dekker, New York, p 367

  • Ghosh I, Konar J, Bhowmick A (1997) Surface properties of chemically modified polyimide films. J Adhes Sci Technol 11(6):877–893

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jung Y, Shimamoto D, Muramatsu H, Kim Y, Hayashi T, Terrones M, Endo M (2008) Robust, conducting, and transparent polymer composites using surface-modified and individualized double-walled carbon nanotubes. Adv Mat 20(23):4509–4512

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kinney G, Kocsis B, Vertes R (1995) Injections of muscimol into the median raphe nucleus produce hippocampal theta rhythm in the urethane anesthetized rat. Psychopharmacology 120(3):244–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee B, Kim H, Yu W (2009) Fabrication of long and discontinuous natural fiber reinforced polypropylene biocomposites and their mechanical properties. Fibers Polym 10(1):83–90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Linder V, Gates B, Ryan D, Parviz B, Whitesides G (2005) Water-soluble sacrificial layers for surface micromachining. Small 1(7):730–736

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacCarthy N, Wood T, Ameri H, O’Connell D, Alderman J (2006) A laser release method for producing prototype flexible retinal implant devices. Sens Actuators A Phys 132(1):296–301

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Metz S, Bertsch A, Renaud P, Technol A, Dyconex A, Bassersdorf S (2005) Partial release and detachment of microfabricated metal and polymer structures by anodic metal dissolution. J Microelectromech Syst 14(2):383–391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer J (2002) Retina implant—a bioMEMS challenge. Sens Actuators A Phys 97:1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moon J-H, Baek D-H, Choi Y-Y, Lee K-H, Kim H-C, Lee S-H (2010) Wearable polyimide-PDMS electrodes for intrabody communication. J Micromech Microeng 20:25–32

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patil P, Turner D (2008) The development of brain-machine interface neuroprosthetic devices. Neurotherapeutics 5(1):137–146

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ragheb T, Geddes L (1990) Electrical properties of metallic electrodes. Med Biol Eng Comput 28(2):182–186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson R Jr, Miller J, Reichert W (1993) Polyimides as biomaterials: preliminary biocompatibility testing. Biomaterials 14(8):627

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rousche P, Pellinen D, Pivin D, Williams J, Vetter R, Kirke D (2001) Flexible polyimide-based intracortical electrode arrays with bioactive capability. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 48(3):361–371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schaper C, Miahnahri A (2004) Polyvinyl alcohol templates for low cost, high resolution, complex printing. J Vac Sci Technol B Microelectron Nanometer Struct 22:3323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stensaas S, Stensaas L (1978) Histopathological evaluation of materials implanted in the cerebral cortex. Acta Neuropathol 41(2):145–155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stieglitz T, Beutel H, Meyer J (1997) A flexible, light-weight multichannel sieve electrode with integrated cables for interfacing regenerating peripheral nerves. Sens Actuators A Phys 60(1–3):240–243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stieglitz T, Beutel H, Schuettler M, Meyer J (2000) Micromachined, polyimide-based devices for flexible neural interfaces. Biomed Microdevices 2(4):283–294

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Westberg D, Paul O, Andersson G, Baltes H (1996) Surface micromachining by sacrificial aluminium etching. J Micromech Microeng 6:376–384

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yoon T, Hwang E, Shin D, Park S, Oh S, Jung S, Shin H, Kim S (2000) A micromachined silicon depth probe for multichannel neural recording. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 47:1082–1087

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grand No. 10031779 from the Strategic Technology Development Program of Ministry of Knowledge Economy. This research was supported by a grant (M103KV010025-08K2201-02510) from Brain Research Center of the 21st Century Frontier Research Program funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Republic of Korea.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sang-Hoon Lee.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Baek, DH., Moon, Jh., Choi, Y.Y. et al. A dry release of polyimide electrodes using Kapton film and application to EEG signal measurements. Microsyst Technol 17, 7–14 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-010-1152-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-010-1152-3

Keywords

Navigation