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A novel urinary microRNA biomarker panel for detecting gastric cancer

  • Original Article—Alimentary Tract
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Abstract

Background

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common causes of cancer deaths worldwide; however, reliable and non-invasive screening methods for GC are not established. Therefore, we conducted this study to develop a biomarker for GC detection, consisting of urinary microRNAs (miRNAs).

Methods

We matched 306 participants by age and sex [153 pairs consisting of patients with GC and healthy controls (HCs)], then randomly divided them across three groups: (1) the discovery cohort (4 pairs); (2) the training cohort (95 pairs); and (3) the validation cohort (54 pairs).

Results

There were 22 urinary miRNAs with significantly aberrant expressions between the two groups in the discovery cohort. Upon multivariate analysis of the training cohort, urinary expression levels of miR-6807-5p and miR-6856-5p were significantly independent biomarkers for diagnosis of GC, in addition to Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) status. A diagnostic panel that combined these 2 miRNAs and H. pylori status distinguished between HC and GC samples with an area under the curve (AUC) = 0.736. In the validation cohort, urinary miR-6807-5p and miR-6856-5p showed significantly higher expression levels in the GC group, and the combination biomarker panel of miR-6807-5p, miR-6856-5p, and H. pylori status also showed excellent performance (AUC = 0.885). In addition, this biomarker panel could distinguish between HC and stage I GC patients with an AUC = 0.748. Urinary expression levels of miR-6807-5p and miR-6856-5p significantly decreased to undetectable level after curative resection of GC.

Conclusions

This novel biomarker panel enables early and non-invasive detection of GC.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Yukimi Hashidume-Itoh for handling of urine sample and Takako Onodera for data management of enrolled patients in this study (Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences). We also thank Masahide Ebi at Aichi Medical University, Tomonori Yamada at Nagoya Daini Red Cross Hospital and other clinical colleagues who assisted for the sample collection. This study was supported, in part, by Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development under Grant Number JP19lm0203005j0003 (to T. S.) and the Takeda Science Foundation (to T. S.)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan

    Hiroyasu Iwasaki, Takaya Shimura, Yusuke Okuda, Makoto Natsume, Mika Kitagawa & Hiromi Kataoka

  2. Okazaki Public Health Center, Okazaki, 1-3 Harusaki, Harisaki-cho, Okazaki, Aichi, Japan

    Tamaki Yamada

  3. Advanced Science Research Center, Kanazawa University, 13-1, Takaramachi, Kanazawa, 920-8640, Ishikawa, Japan

    Shin-ichi Horike

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  1. Hiroyasu Iwasaki
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Correspondence to Takaya Shimura.

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Iwasaki, H., Shimura, T., Yamada, T. et al. A novel urinary microRNA biomarker panel for detecting gastric cancer. J Gastroenterol 54, 1061–1069 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-019-01601-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00535-019-01601-w

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