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Evaluation of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) for the measurement of ischemic conditioning effects of the gastric conduit during esophagectomy

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Abstract

Background

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a relatively new method used in image-guided and precision surgery, which has shown promising results for characterization of tissues and assessment of physiologic tissue parameters. Previous methods used for analysis of preconditioning concepts in patients and animal models have shown several limitations of application. The aim of this study was to evaluate HSI for the measurement of ischemic conditioning effects during esophagectomy.

Methods

Intraoperative hyperspectral images of the gastric tube through the mini-thoracotomy were recorded from n = 22 patients, 14 of whom underwent laparoscopic gastrolysis and ischemic conditioning of the stomach with two-step transthoracic esophagectomy and gastric pull-up with intrathoracic anastomosis after 3–7 days. The tip of the gastric tube (later esophagogastric anastomosis) was measured with HSI. Analysis software provides a RGB image and 4 false color images representing physiologic parameters of the recorded tissue area intraoperatively. These parameters contain tissue oxygenation (StO2), perfusion—(NIR Perfusion Index), organ hemoglobin (OHI), and tissue water index (TWI).

Results

Intraoperative HSI of the gastric conduit was possible in all patients and did not prolong the regular operative procedure due to its quick applicability. In particular, the tissue oxygenation of the gastric conduit was significantly higher in patients who underwent ischemic conditioning (\({\overline {{{\text{St}}{{\text{O}}_2}}} _{_{{{\text{Precond}}.}}}}\) = 78%; \({\overline {{{\text{St}}{{\text{O}}_2}}} _{_{{{\text{NoPrecond}}.}}}}\) = 66%; p = 0.03).

Conclusions

HSI is suitable for contact-free, non-invasive, and intraoperative evaluation of physiological tissue parameters within gastric conduits. Therefore, HSI is a valuable method for evaluating ischemic conditioning effects and may contribute to reduce anastomotic complications. Additional studies are needed to establish normal values and thresholds of the presented parameters for the gastric conduit anastomotic site.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Visceral, Thoracic, Transplant and Vascular surgery, University Hospital of Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Boris Jansen-Winkeln, Manuel Barberio, Jonathan Takoh, Nico Holfert, Yusef Moulla, Stefan Niebisch, Sebastian M. Rabe & Ines Gockel

  2. Innovation Center Computer Assisted Surgery (ICCAS), University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

    Hannes Köhler, Marianne Maktabi, Thomas Neumuth, Claire Chalopin & Andreas Melzer

  3. Institute of Image-Guided Surgery (IHU), IRCAD, Strasbourg, France

    Manuel Barberio & Michele Diana

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  1. Hannes Köhler
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ines Gockel.

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Disclosures

The hyperspectral camera used for the measurements in this publication was developed by Diaspective Vision GmbH. H. Köhler is an employee of this company. In the long term, Diaspective Vision has proprietary interest in the development of the camera system resulting in a product for routine clinical use. The clinical tests of the camera have been performed by clinicians (authors 2, 4–8, and 11). B. Jansen-Winkeln, M. Maktabi, M. Barberio, J. Takoh, N. Holfert, Y. Moulla, S. Niebisch, M. Diana, T. Neumuth, S. M. Rabe, C. Chalopin, A. Melzer, and I. Gockel have no financial interests and financial arrangements with Diaspective Vision and have received no funding for the measurements and/or preparation of this manuscript. The cameras used during the measurements have been provided by Diaspective Vision.

Ethical approval

Experimental hyperspectral measurements from patients for the evaluation of the new technology have obtained the ethics approval by the Ethics committee of the University Leipzig under 026/18-ek. The study was conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Köhler, H., Jansen-Winkeln, B., Maktabi, M. et al. Evaluation of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) for the measurement of ischemic conditioning effects of the gastric conduit during esophagectomy. Surg Endosc 33, 3775–3782 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00464-019-06675-4

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