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Acaricide activity of different extracts from Piper tuberculatum fruits against Rhipicephalus microplus

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Abstract

Rhipicephalus microplus is the main tick that affects cattle. Plant bioactive molecules can be used to control this ectoparasite. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of Piper tuberculatum fruit extracts obtained with different solvents on R. microplus larvae and engorged females. Hexane, ethyl ether, ethanolic, and methanolic extracts of P. tuberculatum fruits were evaluated. After extraction, all of the extracts were dried. Adult immersion tests and larval packet tests were performed with five different concentrations of each of the extracts. The hexane extracts of P. tuberculatum showed the highest larvicidal activity against R. microplus (lethal concentration (LC50 = 0.04 mg/mL), followed by the ethyl ether (LC50 = 0.08 mg/mL), ethanolic (LC50 = 2.73 mg/mL), and methanolic (LC50 = 4.49 mg/mL) extracts. The P. tuberculatum fruit extracts were also effective against R. microplus-engorged females. Ethyl acetate extracts showed the highest efficiency (LC50 = 18.4 mg/mL), followed by the methanolic (LC50 = 105.6 mg/mL), ethanolic (LC50 = 140.0 mg/mL), and hexane (LC50 = 297.4 mg/mL) extracts. All of the extracts showed similar chromatographic profiles containing 24 % piperine. The P. tuberculatum fruit extracts contain bioactive compounds with great potential to improve the standard formulations of acaricides for the control of R. microplus.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Dr. Alexandra Martins dos Santos Soares for her valuable contribution to the preparation of this manuscript. We also thank CNPq (The Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) for awarding a fellowship to L.M. Costa-Júnior, CAPES (Brazilian Federal Agency for support and evaluation of graduate education) and FAPESPA (Pará State Research Foundation) for the scholarship to A.S. Lima and S.G. Pereira, respectively. We also thank CNPq and FAPEMA (Maranhão State Research Foundation) for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Chapadinha, Brazil

    Aldilene da Silva Lima, José Gracione do Nascimento Sousa Filho, Sinval Garcia Pereira & Livio Martins Costa Júnior

  2. Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Brazil

    Sinval Garcia Pereira, Giselle Maria Skelding Pinheiro Guillon & Lourivaldo da Silva Santos

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  1. Aldilene da Silva Lima
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  2. José Gracione do Nascimento Sousa Filho
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  3. Sinval Garcia Pereira
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  6. Livio Martins Costa Júnior
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Correspondence to Livio Martins Costa Júnior.

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da Silva Lima, A., do Nascimento Sousa Filho, J.G., Garcia Pereira, S. et al. Acaricide activity of different extracts from Piper tuberculatum fruits against Rhipicephalus microplus . Parasitol Res 113, 107–112 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00436-013-3632-8

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