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A potential novel biomarker: comprehensive analysis of prognostic value and immune implication of CES3 in colonic adenocarcinoma

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Abstract

Purpose

Colon cancer is the most common malignant tumor in the intestine. Abnormal Carboxylesterases 3 (CES3) expression had been reported to be correlated to multiple tumor progression. However, the association among CES3 expression and prognostic value and immune effects in colonic adenocarcinoma (COAD) were unclear.

Patients and methods

The transcription and expression data of CES3 and corresponding clinical information was downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The CES3 protein expression and the prognostic value were verified based on tissue microarray data. The Cancer immune group Atlas (TCIA), Tumor Immune Dysfunction and Exclusion (TIDE) algorithm and the GSE78220 immunotherapy cohort were used to forecast immunotherapy efficacy. Finally, a prognostic immune signature was constructed and verified.

Results

Compared with normal colon tissues, the expression of mRNA and protein levels of CES3 were downregulated in tumor tissues. CES3 expression was associated with TIICs. Hihg-CES3 COAD patients had better efficacy of concurrent immunotherapy. CES3-related immune genes (CRIs) were identified and were then used to construct prognostic immune signature and had been successfully verified in GES39582.

Conclusion

CES3 might be a potential immune-related gene and promising prognostic biomarker in COAD.

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Data availability statement

The original contributions presented in the study are included in the article/supplementary material, further inquiries can be directed to the corresponding author.

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Funding

This study was funded by grants from Suzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau (Grant Numbers SKY2022006, SLJ202011 and SLT201959), Jiangsu Commission of Health (Grant Number M2020043) and China Digestive Tumor Clinical Research Public Welfare Project (Grant Number P014-038).

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Author notes

  1. Lulu He and Chenyi Zhao have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Oncology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China

    Lulu He, Dingyi Gu, Xiaoyan Wang & Feng Guo

  2. Department of Oncology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China

    Chenyi Zhao, Yujie Lu & Yang Gong

  3. Central Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China

    Jingjing Xu

  4. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China

    Wenjing Li

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  1. Lulu He
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  2. Chenyi Zhao
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Contributions

Authors HLL and ZCY conceived and designed the study. LWJ carried out the study. XJJ, LYJ, GY, GDY, and WXY analyzed the data. HLL wrote the manuscript. All authors have read and approved this manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Feng Guo.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

TCGA and GEO belong to public databases. The patients involved in the database have obtained ethical approval. Users can download relevant data for free for research and public relevant articles. Shanghai Outdo Biotech Co. Ltd. obtained the ethical approval for research using human tissue, we purchased these microarrays for our research. Therefore, there are no ethical issues and other conflicts of interest.

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He, L., Zhao, C., Xu, J. et al. A potential novel biomarker: comprehensive analysis of prognostic value and immune implication of CES3 in colonic adenocarcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 149, 13239–13255 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00432-023-05156-5

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