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Thalamic projections to visual and visuomotor areas (V6 and V6A) in the Rostral Bank of the parieto-occipital sulcus of the Macaque

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Abstract

The medial posterior parietal cortex of the primate brain includes different functional areas, which have been defined based on the functional properties, cyto- and myeloarchitectural criteria, and cortico-cortical connections. Here, we describe the thalamic projections to two of these areas (V6 and V6A), based on 14 retrograde neuronal tracer injections in 11 hemispheres of 9 Macaca fascicularis. The injections were placed either by direct visualisation or using electrophysiological guidance, and the location of injection sites was determined post mortem based on cyto- and myeloarchitectural criteria. We found that the majority of the thalamic afferents to the visual area V6 originate in subdivisions of the lateral and inferior pulvinar nuclei, with weaker inputs originating from the central densocellular, paracentral, lateral posterior, lateral geniculate, ventral anterior and mediodorsal nuclei. In contrast, injections in both the dorsal and ventral parts of the visuomotor area V6A revealed strong inputs from the lateral posterior and medial pulvinar nuclei, as well as smaller inputs from the ventrolateral complex and from the central densocellular, paracentral, and mediodorsal nuclei. These projection patterns are in line with the functional properties of injected areas: “dorsal stream” extrastriate area V6 receives information from visuotopically organised subdivisions of the thalamus; whereas visuomotor area V6A, which is involved in the sensory guidance of arm movement, receives its primary afferents from thalamic nuclei that provide high-order somatic and visual input.

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Abbreviations

AD:

Anterior dorsal

AM:

Anterior medial

AV:

Anterior ventral

Bsc:

Brachium of superior colliculus

Can:

Capsule of the anterior nuclei

Cdc:

Central densocellular

CL:

Central lateral

CM:

Centromedian

Csl:

Centralis superior lateralis

GLvo:

Lateral geniculate, pars oralis

GLd:

Lateral geniculate, dorsalis

GMpc:

Medial geniculate, pars parvocellularis

LGN:

Lateral geniculate

Li:

Limitans

LP:

Lateral posterior

MD:

Mediodorsal

MDdc:

Mediodorsal, pars densocellularis

MDmc:

Mediodorsal, pars magnocellularis

MDpc:

Mediodorsal, pars parvocellularis

MG:

Medial geniculate

MGpc:

Medial geniculate, pars parvocellularis

PC/Pcn:

Paracentral

Pul:

Pulvinar

PuI:

Pulvinar, inferior subdivision

PuL:

Pulvinar, lateral subdivision

PuM:

Pulvinar, medial subdivision

SG:

Suprageniculatus

STN:

Subthalamic

R:

Reticular

VAmc:

Ventral anterior, pars magnocellularis

VAdc:

Ventral anterior, pars densocellularis

VL:

Ventral lateral

VLc:

Ventral lateral, pars caudalis

VLm:

Ventral lateral, pars medialis

VLo:

Ventral lateral, pars oralis

VLps:

Ventral lateral, pars postrema

VPI:

Ventral posterior inferior

VPL:

Ventral posterior lateral

VPLo:

Ventral posterior lateral, pars oralis

VPLc:

Ventral posterior lateral, pars caudalis

VPM:

Ventral posterior medial

X:

Area X

CTB-green:

Cholera toxin B subunit conjugated with Alexa fluor 488

CTB-red:

Cholera toxin B subunit conjugated with Alexa fluor 594

CTB-gold:

Cholera toxin B subunit conjugated with colloidal gold

DY:

Diamidino-yellow

FB:

Fast blue

WGA-HRP:

Wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase

PBS:

Phosphate buffered saline

SPL:

Superior parietal lobule

V6:

Area V6

V6Ad:

Area V6A, dorsal portion

V6Av:

Area V6A, ventral portion

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank M. Verdosci, F. Campisi and G. Placenti for the technical assistance, and R. Tweedale for corrections to the manuscript. This research was supported by European Union Grant FP7-PEOPLE-2011-IOF 300452, National Health and Medical Research Council, grants 1020839 and 1082144, Australian Research Council grant DP140101968, and by Ministero dell’Università e della Ricerca and Fondazione del Monte di Bologna e Ravenna, Italy.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Piazza di Porta S. Donato, 2, 40126, Bologna, Italy

    Michela Gamberini, Sophia Bakola, Lauretta Passarelli, Patrizia Fattori & Claudio Galletti

  2. Department of Physiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia

    Sophia Bakola, Kathleen J. Burman & Marcello G. P. Rosa

  3. Australian Research Council, Centre of Excellence for Integrative Brain Function, Monash University Node, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia

    Sophia Bakola & Marcello G. P. Rosa

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  1. Michela Gamberini
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  2. Sophia Bakola
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  5. Marcello G. P. Rosa
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Correspondence to Claudio Galletti.

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Gamberini, M., Bakola, S., Passarelli, L. et al. Thalamic projections to visual and visuomotor areas (V6 and V6A) in the Rostral Bank of the parieto-occipital sulcus of the Macaque. Brain Struct Funct 221, 1573–1589 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00429-015-0990-2

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