Abstract
Main conclusion
Genetic improvement of seed yield and drought resistance could be simultaneously gained in anise when breeding for drought resistance.
Abstract
Improving the water use efficiency of anise is a primary objective of anise breeding programs aimed at mitigating the impacts of drought stress. This study aimed to determine the predominant mechanisms involved in drought tolerance and investigate the genetic control of associated traits with drought tolerance and higher grain yield. According to these aims, 10 half-diallel hybrids and their five parents were evaluated in both field and greenhouse lysimetric experiments under well-watered and water deficit stress conditions. The results indicated that the inheritance of grain yield is complex and affected by water deficit stress. Similar heritability and genetic architecture were detected for flowering time and percentages of photosynthate partitioned to grain (PPPG) in both well-watered and water deficit stress treatments. Significant negative genetic correlations were observed between grain yield and flowering time, root dry mass, root diameter, root volume, root number, percentages of photosynthate partitioned to shoot, and percentages of photosynthate partitioned to root. Therefore, the selection of low values of these attributes can be used to improve grain yield under drought conditions. In contrast, a positive significant genetic linkage between grain yield and PPPG, chlorophyll content, cell membrane stability, and leaf relative water content reveal selection for high values of these attributes is favored. These attributes could be used as surrogate selection criteria in the early segregating generations. The P1 parent (early ripening parent) contained key genes associated with PPPG and drought escape. It was concluded that improvement of drought tolerance and grain yield could be simultaneously achieved in anise breeding programs.
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Abbreviations
- PPPG:
-
Percentages of photosynthate partitioned to grain
- PPPS:
-
Percentages of photosynthate partitioned to shoot
- PPPR:
-
Percentages of photosynthate partitioned to root
- TE:
-
Transpiration efficiency
- RWC:
-
Relative water content
- VPD:
-
Vapor pressure deficit
- WUE:
-
Water use efficiency
- SCA:
-
Specific combining ability
- GCA:
-
General combining ability
- SCMR:
-
SPAD chlorophyll meter reading
- WR:
-
Water regime
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The authors thank the Forests, Range and Watershed Management Organization, Tehran, Iran, for providing the seeds of anise genotypes.
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Mehravi, S., Hanifei, M., Gholizadeh, A. et al. Exploring the quantitative genetics of traits associated with drought tolerance and yield in Pimpinella anisum L. under different water regimes. Planta 257, 102 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-023-04128-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-023-04128-w