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Biology and biotechnological aspect of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.): a commercially important tuber crop

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Abstract

Main conclusion

This review highlights the economic importance of sweet potato and discusses new varieties, agronomic and cultivation practices, pest and disease control efforts, plant tissue culture protocols, and unexplored research areas involving this plant.

Abstract Sweet potato is widely consumed in many countries around the world, including India, South Africa and China. Due to its valuable nutritional composition and highly beneficial bioactive compounds, sweet potato is considered a major tuber crop in India. Based on the volume of production, this plant ranks seventh in the world among all food crops. Sweet potato is considered a “Superfood” by the ‘Centre for Science in the Public Interest’ (CSPI), USA. This plant is mostly propagated through vegetative propagation using vine cuttings or tubers. However, this process is costly, labour-intensive, and comparatively slow. Conventional propagation methods are not able to supply sufficient disease-free planting materials to farmers to sustain steady tuber production. Therefore, there is an urgent need to use various biotechnological approaches, such as cell, tissue, and organ culture, for the large-scale production of healthy and disease-free planting material for commercial purposes throughout the year. In the last five decades, a number of tissue culture protocols have been developed for the production of in vitro plants through meristem culture, direct adventitious organogenesis, callus culture and somatic embryogenesis. Moreover, little research has been done on synthetic seed technology for the in vitro conservation and propagation of sweet potato. The current review comprehensively describes the biology, i.e., plant phenotypic description, vegetative growth, agronomy and cultivation, pests and diseases, varieties, and conventional methods of propagation, as well as biotechnological implementation, of this tuber crop. Furthermore, the explored and unexplored areas of research in sweet potato using biotechnological approaches have been reviewed.

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Acknowledgements

VBS Chauhan acknowledges the Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare, Government of India through Rashtriya Krishi VikasYojana, Government of Odisha for financial support and facilities provided by the Director, ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India. S Behera wishes to acknowledge OHEPEE, Govt. of Odisha, through the World Bank under Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Sambalpur University for financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Regional Centre, ICAR-Central Tuber Crops Research Institute, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751019, India

    Shashikanta Behera, Vijay Bahadur Singh Chauhan, Kalidas Pati, Venkatraman Bansode & Maniyam Nedunchezhiyan

  2. Centre of Excellence in Natural Products and Therapeutics, Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Sambalpur, Odisha, 768019, India

    Shashikanta Behera & Pradeep Kumar Naik

  3. ICAR- National Research Centre On Seed Spices, Ajmer, Rajasthan, 305006, India

    Arvind Kumar Verma

  4. Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha, 753003, India

    Kumari Monalisa & Soumendra Kumar Naik

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Contributions

SB designed the study. SB and KM wrote the first draft of the manuscript. VBSC supervised SB and corrected the manuscript. SKN critically reviewed and edited the manuscript. KP, VVB, MN, PKN, and AKV edited the manuscript. All authors read, edited, and approved the final manuscript for publication.

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Correspondence to Vijay Bahadur Singh Chauhan.

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Communicated by Gerhard Leubner.

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Behera, S., Chauhan, V.B.S., Pati, K. et al. Biology and biotechnological aspect of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.): a commercially important tuber crop. Planta 256, 40 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-022-03938-8

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