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TraeALDH7B1-5A, encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 in wheat, confers improved drought tolerance in Arabidopsis

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Abstract

Main conclusion

TraeALDH7B1 - 5A , encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 in wheat, conferred significant drought tolerance to Arabidopsis , supported by molecular biological and physiological experiments.

Drought stress significantly affects wheat yields. Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is a family of enzymes catalyzing the irreversible conversion of aldehydes into acids to decrease the damage caused by abiotic stresses. However, no wheat ALDH member has been functionally characterized to date. Here, we obtained a differentially expressed EST encoding ALDH7 from a cDNA-AFLP library of wheat that was treated with polyethylene glycol 6000. The three full-length homologs of TraeALDH7B1 were isolated by searching the NCBI database and by homolog-based cloning method. Using nulli-tetrasomic lines we located them on wheat chromosomes 5A, 5B and 5D, and named them as TraeALDH7B1-5A, -5B and -5D, respectively. Gene expression profiles indicated that the expressions of all three genes were induced in roots, leaves, culms and spikelets under drought and salt stresses. Enzymatic activity analysis showed that TraeALDH7B1-5A had acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity. For further functional analysis, we developed transgenic Arabidopsis lines overexpressing TraeALDH7B1-5A driven by the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter. Compared with wild type Arabidopsis, 35S::TraeALDH7B1-5A plants significantly enhanced the tolerance to drought stress, which was demonstrated by up-regulation of stress responsive genes and physiological evidence of primary root length, maintenance of water retention and contents of chlorophyll and MDA. The combined results indicated that TraeALDH7B1-5A is an important drought responsive gene for genetic transformation to improve drought tolerance in crops.

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Abbreviations

AFLP:

Amplified fragment length polymorphism

ALDH:

Aldehyde dehydrogenase

DAS:

Days after sowing

DAR:

Days after rewatering

EST:

Expressed sequence tag

NAD:

Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide

NADP:

Nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

WT:

Wild type

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Acknowledgments

We thank the expertise of Miss Shuang Fang and Dr. Jinfang Chu (National Centre for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China) in determining the ABA contents of the plant materials. We thank Professor Robert A. McIntosh (Plant Breeding Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia) for revising the manuscript and constructive advice. The project was sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101141) and National Key Technology R & D Program (2011BAD07B00).

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    1. State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1 West Beichen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, People’s Republic of China

      Jiamin Chen, Bo Wei, Guoliang Li, Renchun Fan, Yongda Zhong, Xianping Wang & Xiangqi Zhang

    2. Hefei No. 1 High School, No. 2356 Xizang Road, Lakeshore New District, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, People’s Republic of China

      Jiamin Chen

    3. Institute of Genetics and Physiology, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China

      Guoliang Li

    4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

      Guoliang Li

    5. The Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Genetic and Improvement of Jiangxi, Institute of Biology and Resources, Jiangxi Academy of Sciences, No. 7777 Changdong Road, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330096, People’s Republic of China

      Yongda Zhong

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    J. Chen and B. Wei contributed equally to this work.

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    Chen, J., Wei, B., Li, G. et al. TraeALDH7B1-5A, encoding aldehyde dehydrogenase 7 in wheat, confers improved drought tolerance in Arabidopsis . Planta 242, 137–151 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-015-2290-8

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