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Primary metabolic pathways and signal transduction in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): comparison of transcriptional profiling in leaves and immature embryos using cDNA microarrays

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Abstract

The early stage of embryo development is a critical step in plant production. To identify genes with potential roles in the early sunflower seed development, a cDNA microarray approach was employed. We developed a thematic cDNA microarray containing clones representing high sequence similarities with known or predicted Arabidopsis genes implicated in different metabolic and signal transduction pathways. This 800-element cDNA array was used to compare the expression patterns in leaves and immature embryos (2 mm and 6 mm). Statistical analysis, using two-step ANOVA, revealed that 143 cDNA clones can be considered as differentially expressed. Of these, 62 clones were found to be up-regulated in leaves, 81 in embryos whereas only seven clones displayed increased level of mRNA in the 6 mm embryos when compared with 2 mm embryos. The differentially expressed clones are distributed among many metabolic and signal transduction pathways. For example, genes related to fatty acid metabolism and amino acid biosynthesis exhibited preferential expression patterns in immature embryos. Also, clones potentially encoding enzymes involved in the metabolism of ascorbate and aldarate, pyruvate, propanoate and inositol, and citrate cycle were found to be up-regulated in embryos. In contrast, cDNA clones putatively involved in energy metabolism were more abundant in leaves than embryos. Clones encoding potential signal transduction components including receptors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, and transcription factors were also identified, with preferential expression profiles in immature embryos. The expression patterns derived from this study provide initial characterization of metabolic pathways and signalling transduction networks occurring in the early stage of sunflower seed development.

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Abbreviations

EST:

Expressed sequence tags

RT-PCR:

Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by grants from Génoplante GOP-HG01 programme. We thank Cécile Donnadieu Tonon at “Centre de resources-Genotypage, Sequencage” of Toulouse for advice and access to microarray equipments. We also thank our colleagues in sunflower Génoplante project for valuable discussions and suggestions.

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  1. Tarek Hewezi

    Present address: Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Dokki-Cairo, Egypt

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  1. Laboratoire de Biotechnologies et Amèlioration des Plantes, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, Avenue de l’Agrobiopôle, BP 107, Auzeville Tolosane, Castanet Tolosan, 31326, France

    Tarek Hewezi, Michel Petitprez & Laurent Gentzbittel

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  1. Tarek Hewezi
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Correspondence to Laurent Gentzbittel.

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Hewezi, T., Petitprez, M. & Gentzbittel, L. Primary metabolic pathways and signal transduction in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.): comparison of transcriptional profiling in leaves and immature embryos using cDNA microarrays. Planta 223, 948–964 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-005-0151-6

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