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Melts of garnet lherzolite: experiments, models and comparison to melts of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite

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An Erratum to this article was published on 23 November 2014

Abstract

Phase equilibrium experiments on a compositionally modified olivine leucitite from the Tibetan plateau have been carried out from 2.2 to 2.8 GPa and 1,380–1,480 °C. The experiments-produced liquids multiply saturated with spinel and garnet lherzolite phase assemblages (olivine, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and spinel ± garnet) under nominally anhydrous conditions. These SiO2-undersaturated liquids and published experimental data are utilized to develop a predictive model for garnet lherzolite melting of compositionally variable mantle under anhydrous conditions over the pressure range of 1.9–6 GPa. The model estimates the major element compositions of garnet-saturated melts for a range of mantle lherzolite compositions and predicts the conditions of the spinel to garnet lherzolite phase transition for natural peridotite compositions at above-solidus temperatures and pressures. We compare our predicted garnet lherzolite melts to those of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite and develop criteria for distinguishing among melts of these different source types. We also use the model in conjunction with a published predictive model for plagioclase and spinel lherzolite to characterize the differences in major element composition for melts in the plagioclase, spinel and garnet facies and develop tests to distinguish between melts of these three lherzolite facies based on major elements. The model is applied to understand the source materials and conditions of melting for high-K lavas erupted in the Tibetan plateau, basanite–nephelinite lavas erupted early in the evolution of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, as well as younger tholeiitic to alkali lavas from Kilauea.

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Acknowledgments

The paper is dedicated to the memory of a great igneous petrologist, Ian Carmichael. Ian was like a father to many of us. He was always there to provide encouragement, support and criticism. Often all three of these were administered with equal enthusiasm. This work was first presented at a career celebration for Ian held at Camp Davis field station, Wyoming, August 12–16, 2005. Support for this work was provided through the National Science Foundation from grants EAR-0507486, EAR-0538179 and EAR-1118598. The authors gratefully acknowledge constructive comments of two anonymous reviewers and Tom Sisson, who suggested that we look at the melting conditions of the common and voluminous alkali basalts and tholeiites present at Hawaii.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA

    Timothy L. Grove, Eva S. Holbig & Jay A. Barr

  2. US Geological Survey, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA

    Christy B. Till

  3. Department of Earth, Environmental and Planetary Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA

    Michael J. Krawczynski

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  1. Timothy L. Grove
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Correspondence to Timothy L. Grove.

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Communicated by G. Moore.

An erratum to this article is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00410-014-1086-3.

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Grove, T.L., Holbig, E.S., Barr, J.A. et al. Melts of garnet lherzolite: experiments, models and comparison to melts of pyroxenite and carbonated lherzolite. Contrib Mineral Petrol 166, 887–910 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-013-0899-9

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