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CNS macrophages and peripheral myeloid cells in brain tumours

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Abstract

Primary brain tumours (gliomas) initiate a strong host response and can contain large amounts of immune cells (myeloid cells) such as microglia and tumour-infiltrating macrophages. In gliomas the course of pathology is not only controlled by the genetic make-up of the tumour cells, but also depends on the interplay with myeloid cells in the tumour microenvironment. Especially malignant gliomas such as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) are notoriously immune-suppressive and it is now evident that GBM cells manipulate myeloid cells to support tumour expansion. The protumorigenic effects of glioma-associated myeloid cells comprise a support for angiogenesis as well as tumour cell invasion, proliferation and survival. Different strategies for inhibiting the pathological functions of myeloid cells in gliomas are explored, and blocking the tropism of microglia/macrophages to gliomas or manipulating the signal transduction pathways for immune cell activation has been successful in pre-clinical models. Hence, myeloid cells are now emerging as a promising target for new adjuvant therapies for gliomas. However, it is also becoming evident that some myeloid-directed glioma therapies may only be beneficial for distinct subclasses of gliomas and that a more cell-type-specific manipulation of either microglia or macrophages may improve therapeutic outcomes.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support for R.G. by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB824, GL691/2), Anni-Hofmann Stiftung and the German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany, and for M.S. by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SY 144/3) is gratefully acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, University Clinics Munich, 81377, Munich, Germany

    Rainer Glass

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany

    Michael Synowitz

  3. Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine Berlin-Buch (MDC), 13092, Berlin, Germany

    Michael Synowitz

  4. Neurosurgical Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Ludwig Maximilians University (LMU), Marchioninistr 15, 81377, Munich, Germany

    Rainer Glass

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  1. Rainer Glass
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  2. Michael Synowitz
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Correspondence to Rainer Glass.

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Glass, R., Synowitz, M. CNS macrophages and peripheral myeloid cells in brain tumours. Acta Neuropathol 128, 347–362 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-014-1274-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00401-014-1274-2

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