Abstract
This study presents the organogels of glyceryl monostearate emulsifiers and coconut oil as an alternative for developing the traditional organogels. We investigated how the emulsifier type affects the semisolid consistency and the drug release. In these aspects we compared glyceryl monostearate organogels (GMSO) to commercially available references, while studying the effect of the individual constituents on the structural and functional properties.
Rheology provided indirect information on the structure, relevant from an application point of view. We observed that glyceryl monostearate as an organogelator results in a network with elastic nature and moderate crosslink energy. The products had low viscosity and low yield value which means practically an easily spreadable pharmaceutical dosage form with soft consistency.
Modelling the percutaneous absorption in vitro, we observed that the diffusion of the piroxicam incorporated was significantly affected by the thermodynamical potency of piroxicam, which was favoured by the emulsifier. The glyceryl monostearate enhanced the partition of the suspended drug, resulting in higher drug release.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abdou HM (2000) Effect of viscosity of the dissolution medium. In: Abdou HM (ed) Dissolution, bioavailability and bioequivalence. Mack, Easton, Pennsylvania, pp 161–170
Barry WB (1983a) Properties that influence percutaneous absorption. In: Barry WB (ed) Dermatological formulations: percutan absorption. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 154–158
Barry WB (1983b) Rheology of dermatological vehicles. In: Barry WB (ed) Dermatological formulations: percutaneous absorption. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 396–400
Davis SS (1971) Viscoelastic properties of pharmaceutical semisolids III. Nondestructive oscillatory testing. J Pharm Sci 60:1351–1356
Erős I, Hunyadvári É (1972) Influence of w/o emulsifiers on the structure rheology of ointments. Sci Pharm 24–35 (in German)
Korhonen M, Niskanen H, Kiesvaara J, Yliruusi J (2000) Determination of optimal combination of surfactants in creams using rheology measurements. Int J Pharm 197:143–151
Korhonen M, Lehtonen J, Hellen L, Hirvonen J, Yliruusi J (2002) Rheological properties of three component creams containing sorbitan monoesters as surfactants. Int J Pharm 247:103–114
Murdan S, Gregoriadis G, Florence AT (1998) Novel sorbitan monostearate organogels. J Pharm Sci 88:608–614
Neubert R, Wohlrab W (1990) In vitro methods for the biopharmaceutical evaluation of topical formulation. Acta Pharm Technol 36:197–206
RheoWin Pro Data Manager (1997) ThermoHaake, Karlsruhe, Germany
Schramm G (1994) Some theoretical aspects of dynamic testing. In: Schramm G (ed) A practical approach to rheology and rheometry. Gebrueder HAAKE GmbH, Karlsruhe
Schurtenberger P, Scartazzini R, Luisi PL (1989) Viscoelastic properties of polymerlike reverse micelles. Rheol Acta 28:372–381
Shas VP, Elkins J, Hanus J, Noorizadeh C, Skelly JP (1991) In vitro release of hydrocortisone from topical preparations and automated procedure. Pharm Res 8:55–59
Shchipunov YA, Hoffmann H (2000) Thinning and thickening effects induced by shearing in lecithin solutions of polymer-like micelles. Rheol Acta 39:542–553
Welin-Berger K, Neelissen J, Bergenståhl B (2001) In vitro permeation profile of a local anaesthetic from topical formulations with different rheological behaviour—verified by in vivo efficacy data. Eur J Pharm Sci 14:229–236
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank Egis Pharmaceutical Ltd. (Budapest, Hungary) for the piroxicam and Frankie Chemie (Essen, Germany) for the emulsifier samples. Thank also to Silvia Rossi and Franca Ferrari (University of Pavia, Italy) for discussions and helpful suggestions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pénzes, T., Csóka, I. & Erős, I. Rheological analysis of the structural properties effecting the percutaneous absorption and stability in pharmaceutical organogels. Rheol Acta 43, 457–463 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-004-0396-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00397-004-0396-1