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Dietary energy restriction in neurological diseases: what’s new?

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Abstract

Energy-restricted diet is a specific dietary regimen, including the continuous energy-restricted diet and the intermittent energy-restricted diet. It has been proven effective not only to reduce weight and extend the lifespan in animal models, but also to regulate the development and progression of various neurological diseases such as epilepsy, cerebrovascular diseases (stroke), neurodegenerative disorders (Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease) and autoimmune diseases (multiple sclerosis). However, the mechanism in this field is still not clear and a systematic neurological summary is still missing. In this review, we first give a brief summary of the definition and mainstream strategies of energy restrictions. We then review evidence about the effects of energy-restricted diet from both animal models and human trials, and update the current understanding of mechanisms underlying the biological role of energy-restricted diet in the fight against neurological diseases. Our review thus contributes to the modification of dietary regimen and the search for special diet mimics.

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Funding

This study was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Number: 81974206) and the National Multidisciplinary Cooperative Diagnosis and Treatment Capacity Project for Major Diseases of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University (z027001).

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  1. Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road of Kaifu District, Changsha, 410008, China

    Boxin Zhang, Roujie Huang, Shaokang Xu, Yuzhen He, Jiaxin Li, Lily Wan, Bo Xiao & Zhaohui Luo

  2. Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China

    Boxin Zhang, Roujie Huang, Shaokang Xu, Yuzhen He & Jiaxin Li

  3. National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China

    Boxin Zhang, Roujie Huang, Shaokang Xu, Yuzhen He, Jiaxin Li, Bo Xiao & Zhaohui Luo

  4. Clinical Research Center for Epileptic Disease of Hunan Province, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People’s Republic of China

    Boxin Zhang, Roujie Huang, Shaokang Xu, Yuzhen He, Jiaxin Li, Lily Wan, Bo Xiao & Zhaohui Luo

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BZ, RH and YH collected the literature material; BZ, SX, JL and LW prepared the picture and revised the manuscript; ZL designed the outline and revised the manuscript; BX provided financial support. All the authors have approved of the publication of the manuscript.

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Zhang, B., Huang, R., Xu, S. et al. Dietary energy restriction in neurological diseases: what’s new?. Eur J Nutr 62, 573–588 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-022-03036-1

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