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Effect of polyphenol supplements on redox status of blood cells: a randomized controlled exercise training trial

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Abstract

Purpose

The effect of endogenous antioxidants can be either an immediate response (relying on enzymatic activities) or a long-term adaptation (relying on gene modulation events), both susceptible to be modified by antioxidants from diet and supplementation. The aim of this work was to delve in these aspects in circulating white blood cells in a group of volunteers (n = 33, 20–22 years) performing eccentric exercises and consuming or not (n = 8) different polyphenolic antioxidants (Lippia citriodora extract-PLX® n = 8, almond beverage n = 9 or a mixture of both n = 8) during 21 days.

Methods

We have designed a single-blind, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. Antioxidant enzyme activities, oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant gene expression were determined.

Results

Neutrophils and lymphocytes expressed high amounts of oxidative markers compared to plasma. Concerning enzymatic activities, increased superoxide dismutase levels were detected when certain supplements were consumed. However, catalase levels did not change. As for glutathione peroxidase levels, no differences were detected in lymphocytes, while neutrophils expressed increased levels in both placebo and PLX® groups. Glutathione reductase activity was decreased in all groups, except in neutrophils of PLX® group. At the level of gene expression, neither PLX® nor the almond beverage interfered with the expression of genes coding for the corresponding enzymes. However, the combined intake of both supplements affected the expression of glutathione reductase and Cu–Zn and Mn-superoxide dismutases in neutrophils.

Conclusions

Altogether, these results suggest that blood cell types respond and adapt differently to exercise-induced oxidative damage.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Jose Maria Adsuar for technical assistance in blood analysis. This work was supported by grants from Spanish Science Ministry AGL2007-62806/ALI to AP, AGL2007-60778 and AGL 2011-29857-C03-03 to VM and PROMETEO/2012/007 from Generalitat Valenciana to VM and ER. ER is recipient of Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER (PS09/01093) and Fundacion Salud 2000-Merck Serono grants. AP, VM and ER are members of the “Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición” CIBERobn (CB12/03/30038). LC-Q and LF were recipients of CONACYT-Mexico (ref 197139) and FPI (Spanish Science Ministry) fellowships, respectively.

Conflict of interest

Authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Biology-Nutrition and Institute of Bioengineering, University Miguel Hernandez, Avda de la Universidad sn, 03202, Elche, Alicante, Spain

    Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar, Nestor Vicente-Salar & Enrique Roche

  2. Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University Miguel Hernandez, Elche, Alicante, Spain

    Lorena Funes & Vicente Micol

  3. Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

    Cristina Blasco-Lafarga

  4. Department for Basic Biology and Health Sciences, University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain

    Antoni Pons

  5. CIBERobn (Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

    Antoni Pons, Vicente Micol & Enrique Roche

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  1. Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar
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  2. Lorena Funes
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  3. Nestor Vicente-Salar
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Correspondence to Enrique Roche.

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Carrera-Quintanar, L., Funes, L., Vicente-Salar, N. et al. Effect of polyphenol supplements on redox status of blood cells: a randomized controlled exercise training trial. Eur J Nutr 54, 1081–1093 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0785-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-014-0785-x

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