Skip to main content

Advertisement

Springer Nature Link
Log in
Menu
Find a journal Publish with us Track your research
Search
Cart
  1. Home
  2. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences
  3. Article

Record-Setting Ocean Warmth Continued in 2019

  • News & Views
  • Published: 27 January 2020
  • Volume 37, pages 137–142, (2020)
  • Cite this article
Download PDF
Advances in Atmospheric Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript
Record-Setting Ocean Warmth Continued in 2019
Download PDF
  • Lijing Cheng1,2,11,
  • John Abraham3,
  • Jiang Zhu1,2,
  • Kevin E. Trenberth4,
  • John Fasullo4,
  • Tim Boyer5,
  • Ricardo Locarnini5,
  • Bin Zhang2,6,
  • Fujiang Yu7,
  • Liying Wan7,
  • Xingrong Chen7,
  • Xiangzhou Song8,
  • Yulong Liu9 &
  • …
  • Michael E. Mann10 
  • 80k Accesses

  • 3531 Altmetric

  • 390 Mentions

  • Explore all metrics

Article PDF

Download to read the full article text

Use our pre-submission checklist

Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.

References

  • Abram, N., and Coauthors, 2019: Framing and context of the report. IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, H.-O. Pörtner et al., Eds. (in press)

  • Behrens, E., D. Fernandez, and P. Sutton, 2019: Meridional oceanic heat transport influences marine heatwaves in the tasman sea on inter-annual to decadal timescales. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 228, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bindoff, N. L., and Coauthors, 2019: Changing ocean, marine ecosystems, and dependent communities. IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, H.-O. Pörtner et al., Eds. (in press).

  • Cheng, L. J., and J. Zhu, 2018: 2017 was the warmest year on record for the global ocean. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 35, 261–263, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-018-8011-z.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, L. J., K. E. Trenberth, J. Fasullo, T. Boyer, J. Abraham, and J. Zhu, 2017: Improved estimates of ocean heat content from 1960 to 2015. Science Advances, 3, e1601545, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1601545.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, L. J., K. E. Trenberth, J. Fasullo, J. Abraham, T. P. Boyer, K. Von Schuckmann, and J. Zhu, 2018: Taking the pulse of the planet. Eos, 99, 14–16, https://doi.org/10.1029/2017EO081839.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, L. J., J. Abraham, Z. Hausfather, and K. E. Trenberth, 2019a: How fast are the oceans warming? Science, 363, 128–129, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aav7619.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, L. J., K. E. Trenberth, J. T. Fasullo, M. Mayer, M. A. Balmaseda, and J. Zhu, 2019b: Evolution of ocean heat content related to ENSO. J. Climate, 32, 3529–3556, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0607.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cheng, L. J., and Coauthors, 2019c: 2018 continues record global ocean warming. Adv. Atmos. Sci., 66, 249–252, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-019-8276-x.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Collins, M., and Coauthors, 2019: Extremes, abrupt changes and managing risks. IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, H.-O. Pörtner et al., Eds., in press.

  • Held, I. M., and B. J. Soden, 2006: Robust responses of the hydrological cycle to global warming. J. Climate, 19, 5686–5699, https://doi.org/10.1175/jcli3990.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IPCC, 2001: Climate Change 2001: the Scientific Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, J. T. Houghton et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, 881 pp.

  • IPCC, 2007: Climate change 2007: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, S. Solomon et al., Eds., IPCC Fourth Assessment Report. Climate Change 2007, Working Group I Report “he Physical Science Basis”, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, 996 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • IPCC, 2013: Climate Change 2013: the Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, T. F. Stocker et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, 1535 pp.

  • IPCC, 2019: Summary for policymakers. IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, H.-O. Pörtner et al., Eds. (in press)

  • Levitus, S., et al, 2012: World ocean heat content and thermosteric sea level change (0–2000 m), 1955–2010. Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L10603, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL051106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meredith, M., and Coauthors, 2019: Polar regions. IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, H.-O. Pörtner et al., Eds. (in press)

  • Meyssignac, B., and Coauthors, 2019: Measuring global ocean heat content to estimate the earth energy imbalance. Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, 432, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00432.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oppenheimer, M., and Coauthors, 2019: Sea level rise and implications for low lying islands, coasts and communities. IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, H.-O. Pörtner et al., Eds. (in press)

  • Purkey, S. G., and G. C. Johnson, 2010: Warming of global abyssal and deep southern ocean waters between the 1990s and 2000s: Contributions to global heat and sea level rise budgets. J. Climate, 23, 6336–6351, https://doi.org/10.1175/2010JCLI3682.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rhein, M., and Coauthors, 2013: Observations: Ocean. Climate Change 2013: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, T. F. Stocker et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, New York, NY, USA.

  • Roemmich, D., and J. Gilson, 2011: The global ocean imprint of ENSO. Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L13606, https://doi.org/10.1029/2011GL047992.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trenberth, K. E., 2011: Changes in precipitation with climate change. Climate Research, 47, 123–138, https://doi.org/10.3354/cr00953.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trenberth, K. E., and Y. X. Zhang, 2019: Observed interhemispheric meridional heat transports and the role of the indonesian throughflow in the Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, 32, 8523–8536, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0465.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trenberth, K. E., J. M. Caron, D. P. Stepaniak, and S. Worley, 2002: Evolution of El Niño-southern Oscillation and global atmospheric surface temperatures. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4065, https://doi.org/10.1029/2000JD000298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trenberth, K. E., A. G. Dai, R. M. Rasmussen, and D. B. Parsons, 2003: The changing character of precipitation. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., 84, 1205–1218, https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-84-9-1205.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trenberth, K. E., L. J. Cheng, P. Jacobs, Y. X. Zhang, and J. Fasullo, 2018: Hurricane Harvey links to ocean heat content and climate change adaptation. Earth’s Future, 6, 730–744, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EF000825.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Trenberth, K., J. T. Fasullo, K. Von Schuckmann, and L. J. Cheng, 2016: Insights into Earth’s energy imbalance from multiple sources. J. Climate, 29, 7495–7505, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0339.1.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • USGCRP, 2017: Climate science special report: fourth national climate assessment, Volume I [Wuebbles, D.J., D.W. Fahey, K.A. Hibbard, D.J. Dokken, B.C. Stewart, and T.K. Maycock (eds.)]. U.S. Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC, USA, 470 pp, https://doi.org/10.7930/J0J964J6.

  • Von Schuckmann, K., and Coauthors, 2016: An imperative to monitor Earth’s energy imbalance. Nat. Clim. Change, 6, 138–144, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2876.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The IAP analysis is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2016YFC1401806 and 2017YFA0603202). Author contributions: LC and JZ are responsible for the IAP analysis; JA and LC drafted the initial manuscript. All coauthors provide continual and vital support to the IAP analysis and activities; plus, they contributed to refining this manuscript. NCAR is sponsored by the US National Science Foundation. TB, RL contribution funded in partnership with the NOAA OAR Ocean Observing and Monitoring Division. The efforts of Dr. Fasullo in this work were partially supported by the Regional and Global Model Analysis (RGMA) component of the Earth and Environmental System Modeling Program of the U.S. Department of Energy’s Office of Biological & Environmental Research (BER) via National Science Foundation IA 1844590. The efforts of Dr. Fasullo in this work were also supported in part by NSF Award #AGS-1419571.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China

    Lijing Cheng & Jiang Zhu

  2. Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Lijing Cheng, Jiang Zhu & Bin Zhang

  3. University of St. Thomas, School of Engineering, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55105, USA

    John Abraham

  4. National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, 80307, USA

    Kevin E. Trenberth & John Fasullo

  5. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Centers for Environmental Information, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20910, USA

    Tim Boyer & Ricardo Locarnini

  6. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Bin Zhang

  7. National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center, Ministry of Natural Resources of China, Beijing, 100081, China

    Fujiang Yu, Liying Wan & Xingrong Chen

  8. College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China

    Xiangzhou Song

  9. National Marine Data and Information Service, TianJin, 300171, China

    Yulong Liu

  10. Department of Meteorology & Atmospheric Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, USA

    Michael E. Mann

  11. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Lijing Cheng

Authors
  1. Lijing Cheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. John Abraham
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jiang Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  4. Kevin E. Trenberth
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  5. John Fasullo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  6. Tim Boyer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  7. Ricardo Locarnini
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  8. Bin Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  9. Fujiang Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  10. Liying Wan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  11. Xingrong Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  12. Xiangzhou Song
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  13. Yulong Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  14. Michael E. Mann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Lijing Cheng.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Cheng, L., Abraham, J., Zhu, J. et al. Record-Setting Ocean Warmth Continued in 2019. Adv. Atmos. Sci. 37, 137–142 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-9283-7

Download citation

  • Received: 26 December 2019

  • Revised: 06 January 2020

  • Accepted: 09 January 2020

  • Published: 27 January 2020

  • Issue Date: February 2020

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-020-9283-7

Share this article

Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content:

Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article.

Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative

Use our pre-submission checklist

Avoid common mistakes on your manuscript.

Advertisement

Search

Navigation

  • Find a journal
  • Publish with us
  • Track your research

Discover content

  • Journals A-Z
  • Books A-Z

Publish with us

  • Journal finder
  • Publish your research
  • Open access publishing

Products and services

  • Our products
  • Librarians
  • Societies
  • Partners and advertisers

Our brands

  • Springer
  • Nature Portfolio
  • BMC
  • Palgrave Macmillan
  • Apress
  • Discover
  • Your US state privacy rights
  • Accessibility statement
  • Terms and conditions
  • Privacy policy
  • Help and support
  • Legal notice
  • Cancel contracts here

3.12.154.26

Not affiliated

Springer Nature

© 2025 Springer Nature