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Species-specific differences in sensorimotor adaptation are correlated with differences in social structure

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Abstract

Here, we report a species difference in the strength and duration of long-term sensorimotor adaptation in the electromotor output of weakly electric fish. The adaptation is produced by changes in intrinsic excitability in the electromotor pacemaker nucleus; this change is a form of memory that correlates with social structure. A weakly electric fish may be jammed by a similar electric organ discharge (EOD) frequency of another fish and prevents jamming by transiently raising its own emission frequency, a behavior called the jamming avoidance response (JAR). The JAR requires activation of NMDA receptors, and prolonged JAR performance results in long-term frequency elevation (LTFE) of a fish’s EOD frequency for many hours after the jamming stimulus. We find that LTFE is stronger in a shoaling species (Eigenmannia virescens) with a higher probability of encountering jamming conspecifics, when compared to a solitary species (Apteronotus leptorhynchus). Additionally, LTFE persists in Eigenmannia, whereas, it decays over 5–9 h in Apteronotus.

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Abbreviations

JAR:

Jamming avoidance response

EOD:

Electric organ discharge

LTFE:

Long-term frequency elevation

LTFD:

Long-term frequency depression

PMn:

Pacemaker nucleus

SPPn:

Sublemniscal prepacemaker nucleus

PPn-G:

Thalamic prepacemaker nucleus portion G

NMDA:

N-methyl-D-aspartatic acid

AMPA:

alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid

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Acknowledgements

We thank Nikolai Dembrow, George Pollak, Wesley Thompson, and Frank Triefenbach for helpful comments. This work was supported by grant NIH MH56535 (to HZ). The experiments comply with the "Principles of animal care", publication No. 86–23, revised 1985 of the National Institute of Health.

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  1. Jörg Oestreich

    Present address: Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 220 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

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  1. Section of Neurobiology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA

    Jörg Oestreich & Harold H. Zakon

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Correspondence to Jörg Oestreich.

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Oestreich, J., Zakon, H.H. Species-specific differences in sensorimotor adaptation are correlated with differences in social structure. J Comp Physiol A 191, 845–856 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-005-0006-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-005-0006-4

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