Abstract
The purpose of this report was to test for the possibility that a catchlike, force-enhancing property, attributable to a particular stimulation pattern, could be evoked in non-mammalian turtle muscle, just as it has been shown in mammalian muscle. We tested for the presence of this property in dynamic lengthening and shortening contractions, as well as in the more commonly studied isometric contractions. A second aim was to note the effects of fatigue on the catchlike property, if the latter was present. The force response of the external gastrocnemius muscle in the adult turtle, Pseudemys (Trachemys) scripta elegans, was compared for a control, constant-frequency 10 Hz, 1-s duration stimulation pattern using 0.1-ms pulses vs. the same pattern, but with two additional pulses within the first 100-ms interspike interval of the control stimulus train. This latter train produced a pronounced and prolonged enhancement of muscle force, which was attributed to a catchlike effect. It was greatly increased when the muscle was in a fatigued state. The extent of this force enhancement was significantly different for the three contraction types, and generally in the order: isometric>lengthening>shortening contraction. These differences were greater in fatigued vs. fresh muscle. Comparative aspects and potential mechanisms underlying the catchlike effect are discussed.
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Abbreviations
- EC :
-
excitation–contraction (coupling)
- EG :
-
external gastrocnemius (muscle)
- FES:
-
functional electrical stimulation
- Fg :
-
turtle fast, glycolytic (muscle fiber; mammalian equivalent, FG)
- FOG :
-
fast, oxidative, glycolytic
- ISI :
-
interspike interval
- L o :
-
optimal muscle length
- SO :
-
slow, oxidative
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Acknowledgements
We thank Patricia Pierce for her technical and editorial help. The project was supported in part by USPHS grants NS 20577 and 07309 (to DGS), and a University of Newcastle Visiting Faculty Award (to RJC for DGS). The paper’s contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily the views of the awarding agencies. All protocols involving the use of animals were approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of The University of Arizona and were in conformity with local, state, and federal regulations for the care and use of laboratory animals.
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Callister, R.J., Reinking, R.M. & Stuart, D.G. Effects of fatigue on the catchlike property in a turtle hindlimb muscle. J Comp Physiol A 189, 857–866 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-003-0459-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00359-003-0459-2