Skip to main content
Springer Nature Link
Log in

Passive jet control of flow around a circular cylinder

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Experiments in Fluids Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the present study, a passive flow control method, which is featured by passive windward suction combined with leeward jet over a circular cylinder for drag reduction and dynamic wind loading suppression, was experimentally investigated to manipulate unsteady wake vortex shedding from a circular cylinder. Four perforated pipe designs with different numbers of suction/jet holes (i.e., from 2 to 24 suction/jet holes) were used to create flow communicating channels between the windward and leeward stagnation points of a cylindrical test model. The experimental study was performed in a wind tunnel at a Reynolds number of Re = 4.16 × 104 based on the cylinder diameter and oncoming airflow speed. In addition to measuring surface pressure distributions to determine the dynamic wind loads acting on the test model, a digital particle image velocimetry (PIV) system was also used to quantify the wake flow characteristics in order to assess the effectiveness of the passive jet control method with different perforated pipe designs, in comparison with a baseline case without passive jet control. It was found that the passive jet control method is very effective in manipulating the wake vortex shedding process from the circular cylinder. The perforated pipe designs with more suction/jet holes were found to be more effective in reducing drag and suppressing fluctuating amplitude of the dynamic wind loads acting on the test model. With 24 suction/jet holes evenly distributed over the cylindrical test model (i.e., the N13 design of the present study), the passive jet control method was found to be able to achieve up to 33.7 % in drag reduction and 90.6 % in fluctuating wind loading suppression, in comparison with the baseline case. The PIV measurement results revealed clearly that the passive jet control method would cause airflow jets into the cylinder wake and change the shedding modes of the wake vortex structures from the cylindrical test model. Because of the dynamic interactions between the passive jets and the wake vortex structures, the antisymmetric pattern of the wake vortex shedding was found to be converted to symmetric mode. The periodicity of the vortex shedding was also observed to be diminished and eventually disappeared with the number increase in the suction/jet holes. A linear stability analysis was performed to suggest that the passive jet flow would modify the wake stability of the circular cylinder by decreasing the disturbance growth rate in the immediate wake and pushing the region of absolute instability further downstream.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Amitay M, Honohan A, Trautman M, Glezer A (1997) Modification of the aerodynamic characteristics of bluff bodies using fluidic actuators. AIAA paper, 97-2004

  • Amitay M, Smith BL, Glezer A (1998) Aerodynamic flow control using synthetic jet technology. AIAA paper, 98-0208

  • Baek H, Karniadakis G (2009) Suppressing vortex-induced vibrations via passive means. J Fluids Struct 25(5):848–866

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barlow B, Rae H, Pope A (1999) Low-speed wind tunnel testing, 3rd edn. Wiley, New York, pp 330–375

    Google Scholar 

  • Benard N, Balcon N, Touchard G, Moreau E (2008) Control of diffuser jet flow: turbulent kinetic energy and jet spreading enhancements assisted by a non-thermal plasma discharge. Exp Fluids 45:333–355

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brika D, Laneville A (1993) Vortex-induced vibrations of a long flexible circular cylinder. J Fluid Mech 250:481–508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen WL, Xin DB, Xu F, Li H, Ou JP, Hu H (2013) Suppression of vortex-induced vibration of a circular cylinder using suction-based flow control. J Fluids Struct 42:25–39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen WL, Li H, Hu H (2014) An experimental study on a suction flow control method to reduce the unsteadiness of the wind loads acting on a circular cylinder. Exp Fluids 55(4):1–20

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Crook A, Sadri AM, Wood NJ (1999) The development and implementation of synthetic jets for the control of separated flow. AIAA paper, 99-3176

  • Dong S, Triantafyllou GS, Karniadakis GE (2008) Elimination of vortex streets in bluff-body flows. Phys Rev Lett 100(20):204501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feng LH, Wang JJ (2010) Circular cylinder wake vortex synchronization control with synthetic jet positioned at back stagnation point. J Fluid Mech 662:232–259

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Feng LH, Wang JJ (2012) Synthetic jet control of separation in the flow over a circular cylinder. Exp Fluids 53:467–480

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feng LH, Wang JJ, Pan C (2010) Effect of novel synthetic jet on wake vortex shedding modes of a circular cylinder. J Fluids Struct 26:900–917

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feng LH, Wang JJ, Pan C (2011) Proper orthogonal decomposition analysis of vortex dynamics of a circular cylinder under synthetic jet control. Phys Fluids 23:014106–1–014106–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fransson JHM, Konieczny P, Alfredsson PH (2004) Flow around a porous cylinder subject to continuous suction or blowing. J Fluids Struct 19:1031–1048

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fujisawa N, Takeda G (2003) Flow control around a circular cylinder by internal acoustic excitation. J Fluids Struct 17:903–913

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fujisawa N, Takeda G, Ike N (2004) Phase-averaged characteristics of flow around a circular cylinder under acoustic excitation control. J Fluids Struct 19:159–170

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glezer A, Amitay M, Honohan AM (2003) Aspects of low- and high-frequency aerodynamic flow control. AIAA paper, 2003-0533

  • Hikami Y, Shiraishi N (1988) Rain-wind induced vibrations of cables in cable stayed bridges. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 29:409–418

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Irwin H, Cooper R, Girard R (1979) Correction of distortion effects caused by tubing systems in measurements of fluctuating pressures. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 5(1):93–107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kondo N (1993) Direct third-order upwind finite element simulation of high Reynolds number flows around a circular cylinder. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 46:349–356

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liu YG, Feng LH (2015) Suppression of lift fluctuations on a circular cylinder by inducing the symmetric vortex shedding mode. J Fluids Struct 54:743–759

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer KE, Pedersen JM, Özcan O (2007) A turbulent jet in crossflow analysed with proper orthogonal decomposition. J Fluid Mech 583:199–227

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Owen JC, Bearman PW (2001) Passive control of VIV with drag reduction. J Fluids Struct 15:597–605

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sirovich L (1987) Turbulence and the dynamics of coherent structures. Part I: Coherent structures. Q Appl Math 45(3):561–571

    MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Triantafyllou G, Triantafyllou M, Chryssostomidis C (1986) On the formation of vortex streets behind stationary cylinders. J Fluid Mech 170:461–477

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wolfe D, Ziada S (2003) Feedback control of vortex shedding from two tandem cylinders. J Fluids Struct 17:579–592

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zdravkovich MM (1981) Review and classification of various aerodynamic and hydrodynamic means for suppressing vortex shedding. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 7(2):145–189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zuo D, Jones NP (2010) Interpretation of field observations of wind- and rain-wind-induced stay cable vibrations. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 98:73–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zuo D, Jones NP, Main JA (2008) Field observation of vortex- and rain-wind-induced stay-cable vibrations in a three-dimensional environment. J Wind Eng Ind Aerodyn 96:1124–1133

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors would like to extend their sincere gratitude to Professor George Karniadakis of Brown University and Professor Dejun Sun of University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) for their thought-provoking discussions on linear stability analysis. This research work is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) through Grant 51378153, 51578188, 51008093, 51161120359 and 91215302; and is supported by the Opening Funds of State Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Built Environment.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control (Harbin Institute of Technology), Ministry of Education, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China

    Wen-Li Chen, Dong-Lai Gao, Wen-Yong Yuan & Hui Li

  2. School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, Heilongjiang, China

    Wen-Li Chen, Dong-Lai Gao, Wen-Yong Yuan & Hui Li

  3. Department of Aerospace Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, 50011, IA, USA

    Wen-Li Chen & Hui Hu

Authors
  1. Wen-Li Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  2. Dong-Lai Gao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  3. Wen-Yong Yuan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hui Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hui Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author inPubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Wen-Li Chen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chen, WL., Gao, DL., Yuan, WY. et al. Passive jet control of flow around a circular cylinder. Exp Fluids 56, 201 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-015-2077-5

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00348-015-2077-5

Keywords