Abstract
Salt stress is an abiotic stress to plants in especially saline lakes. Dunaliella, a halophilic microalga distributed throughout salt lakes and seas, can respond to different salinity stresses by regulating the expression of some genes. However, these genes and their function and biological processes involved remain unclear. Profiling these salt-stress-related genes in a high-salt-tolerant Dunaliella species will help clarify the salt tolerance machinery of Dunaliella. Three D. salina_YC salt-stress groups were tested under low (0.51 mol/L), moderate (1.03 mol/L), and high (3.42 mol/L) NaCl concentrations and one control group under very low (0.05 mol/L) NaCl concentration and 3 transcriptome results that were deep sequenced and de novo assembled were obtained per group. Twelve high-quality RNA-seq libraries with 46 585 upregulated and 47 805 downregulated unigenes were found. Relative to the control, 188 common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened and divided into four clusters in expression pattern. Fifteen of them annotated in the significant enriched Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were validated via qPCR. Their qPCR-based relative expression patterns were similar to their RNA-seq-based patterns. Two significant DEGs, the geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase coding gene (1 876 bp cDNA) and diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase coding gene (2 968 bp cDNA), were cloned and analyzed in silico. The total lipid content, superoxide dismutase specific activity, and beta, carotene content of D. salina_YC increased gradually with increasing salinity. In addition, the expression of 11 validated genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis/degradation, active oxygen or carotenoid metabolisms showed significant changes. In addition, algal photochemical efficiency was diminished with increasing salinity, as well as the expression of 4 photosynthesis-related genes. These results could help clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying D. salina responses to the Yuncheng Salt Lake environment and lay a foundation for further utilization of this algal resource.
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Data Availability Statement
The raw datasets of transcriptome in the study are available from the NCBI Short Read Archive (SRA) database with the accession numbers SRR12326540, SRR12326982, SRR12327191, SRR8393723, SRR8393722, SRR8393725, SRR8393724, SRR8393727, SRR8393726, SRR8393729, SRR8393728, and SRR8393721. The authors declare that all the other data supporting the findings of this study are available within the article and its supplementary files.
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Fan GAO performed the experiments, analyzed the data, and co-wrote the manuscript; Fangru NAN, Jia FENG, Junping LÜ, and Xudong LIU analyzed the data; Shulian XIE supervised the project and revised the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
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All sampling procedures in this experiment were in accordance with the guidelines for the care and use of laboratory plants of Shanxi University and were approved by the Wildlife Care and Use Committee of Yuncheng Forestry Bureau, Shanxi Province, China.
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Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31670208), the Applied Basic Research Programs of Shanxi Province of China (No. 201801D221242), the Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi of China (No. 2019L0041), and the Shanxi “Project 1331”. The corresponding author, Shulian XIE, was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Shanxi “Project 1331”. The first author, Fan GAO, was supported by the Applied Basic Research Programs of Shanxi Province of China and Scientific and Technological Innovation Programs of Higher Education Institutions in Shanxi of China
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Transcriptome profile of Dunaliella salina in Yuncheng Salt Lake reveals salt-stress-related genes under different salinity stresses
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Gao, F., Nan, F., Feng, J. et al. Transcriptome profile of Dunaliella salina in Yuncheng Salt Lake reveals salt-stress-related genes under different salinity stresses. J. Ocean. Limnol. 39, 2336–2362 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-021-0164-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-021-0164-4