Abstract
With the rapid development of optoelectronic fibers of multi-materials and structures, coupling between the optoelectronic fibers and the conventional optical fibers with high transmission is desirable. In this article, we propose a mode coupler to facilitate the transmission of electromagnetic wave from a dielectric fiber to a simple metal-core optoelectronic fiber in the terahertz regime. The coupler mainly consists of an air cone along its symmetric axis. The transmission characteristics of the terahertz wave of the frequency ranging from 2 to 8 THz for five hybrid modes are investigated using finite difference time domain method. We show the dependence of the transmission on the height of the air cone for the selected frequencies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. Tonouchi, Nat. Photon. 1(2), 97 (2007)
D. Saeedkia, Handbook of Terahertz Technology for Imaging, Sensing and Communicaitons (Woodhead Publishing Limited, Philadelphia, 2013)
J. Shah, Ultrafast Spectroscopy of Semiconductors and Semiconductor Nanostructures (Springer, New York, 1996)
A. Kazemipour, M. Wollensack, J. Hoffmann, M. Hudlička, S.K. Yee, J. Rüfenacht, D. Stalder, G. Gäumann, M. Zeier, J. Infrared Millim. Terahertz Waves 41, 1199–1217 (2020)
G. Zhao, R.N. Schouten, N. van der Valk, W.T. Wenckebach, P.C.M. Planken, Rev. Sci. Instrum. 73(4), 1715 (2002)
G.M. Katyba, K.I. Zaytsev, N.V. Chernomyrdin, I.A. Shikunova, G.A. Komandin, V.B. Anzin, S.P. Lebedev, I.E. Spektor, V.E. Karasik, S.O. Yurchenko, I.V. Reshetov, V.N. Kurlov, M. Skorobogatiy, Adv. Opt. Mater. 6(22), 1800573 (2018)
Z.D. Taylor, R.S. Singh, D.B. Bennett, P. Tewari, C.P. Kealey, N. Bajwa, M.O. Culjat, A. Stojadinovic, H. Lee, J. Hubschman, E.R. Brown, W.S. Grundfest, IEEE Trans. Terahertz Sci. Technol. 1(1), 201 (2011)
G. Liu, C. Chang, Z. Qiao, K. Wu, Z. Zhu, G. Cui, W. Peng, Y. Tang, J. Li, C. Fan, Adv. Funct. Mater. 29(7), 1807862 (2019)
Z. Xiang, C. Tang, C. Chang, G. Liu, Sci. Bull. 65(4), 308 (2020)
K. Ahi, S. Shahbazmohamadi, N. Asadizanjani, Opt. Lasers Eng. 104, 274 (2018)
S. Koenig, D. Lopez-Diaz, J. Antes, F. Boes, R. Henneberger, A. Leuther, A. Tessmann, R. Schmogrow, D. Hillerkuss, R. Palmer, T. Zwick, C. Koos, W. Freude, O. Ambacher, J. Leuthold, I. Kallfass, Nat. Photon. 7(12), 977 (2013)
S. Ummethala, T. Harter, K. Koehnle, Z. Li, S. Muehlbrandt, Y. Kutuvantavida, J. Kemal, P. Marin-Palomo, J. Schaefer, A. Tessmann, S.K. Garlapati, A. Bacher, L. Hahn, M. Walther, T. Zwick, S. Randel, W. Freude, C. Koos, Nat. Photon. 13(8), 519 (2019)
J.F. Federici, B. Schulkin, F. Huang, D. Gary, R. Barat, F. Oliveira, D. Zimdars, Semicond. Sci. Technol. 20(7), S266 (2005)
M.S. Islam, C.M.B. Cordeiro, M.A.R. Franco, J. Sultana, A.L.S. Cruz, D. Abbott, Opt. Express 28(11), 16089 (2020)
S.R. Andrews, J. Phys. D 47(37), 374004 (2014)
M.Y. Frankel, S. Gupta, J.A. Valdmanis, G.A. Mourou, IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 39(6), 910 (1991)
G. Gallot, S.P. Jamison, R.W. McGowan, D. Grischkowsky, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 17(5), 851 (2000)
A. Bingham, Y. Zhao, D. Grischkowsky, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87(5), 051101 (2005)
K. Wang, D.M. Mittleman, Nature 432(7015), 376 (2004)
J.A. Harrington, R. George, P. Pedersen, E. Mueller, Opt. Express 12(21), 5263 (2004)
S. Atakaramians, T.M. Monro, D. Abbott, Adv. Opt. Photon. 5(2), 169 (2013)
R. Mendis, D. Grischkowsky, J. Appl. Phys. 88(7), 4449 (2000)
T. Hidaka, H. Minamide, H. Ito, J. Nishizawa, K. Tamura, S. Ichikawa, J. Lightw. Technol. 23(8), 2469 (2005)
M. Skorobogatiy, A. Dupuis, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90(11), 113514 (2007)
M. Goto, A. Quema, H. Takahashi, S. Ono, N. Sarukura, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 43(2B), L317 (2004)
K.I. Zaytsev, G.M. Katyba, N.V. Chernomyrdin, I.N. Dolganova, A.S. Kucheryavenko, A.N. Rossolenko, V.V. Tuchin, V.N. Kurlov, M. Skorobogatiy, Adv. Opt. Mater. 8(15), 2000307 (2020)
Y.S. Lee, Principles of Terahertz Science and Technology (Springer, New York, 2009)
R. Krska, R. Kellner, U. Schiessl, M. Tacke, A. Katzir, Appl. Phys. Lett. 63(14), 1868 (1993)
Z. Li, J.S. Okasinski, D.J. Gosztola, Y. Ren, Y. Sun, J. Mater. Chem. C 3, 58 (2015)
S. Basov, Y. Dankner, M. Weinstein, A. Katzir, M. Platkov, Med. Phys. 47(11), 5523 (2020)
H. Chen, C. Chiu, C. Lai, J. Kuo, P. Chiang, Y. Hwang, H. Chang, C. Sun, J. Lightw. Technol. 27(11), 1489 (2009)
J.T. Lu, C.H. Lai, T.F. Tseng, H. Chen, Y.F. Tsai, Y.J. Hwang, H.C. Chang, C.K. Sun, Opt. Express 19(27), 26883 (2011)
T. Tseng, C. Lai, J. Lu, Y. Tsai, Y. Hwang, C. Sun, IEEE Photon. J. 4(6), 2307 (2012)
H. Bao, K. Nielsen, H.K. Rasmussen, P.U. Jepsen, O. Bang, Opt. Express 22(8), 9486 (2014)
Z. He, Y. Zhu, J. Kaňka, H. Du, Opt. Express 18(2), 507 (2010)
Y. Liu, Y. Mi, B. Zhu, H. Li, W. Jian, G. Ren, S. Jian, Opt. Commun. 393, 238 (2017)
M. Bayindir, F. Sorin, A.F. Abouraddy, J. Viens, S.D. Hart, J.D. Joannopoulos, Y. Fink, Nature 431(7010), 826 (2004)
S. Tabassum, R. Kumar, Adv. Mater. Technol. 5(5), 1900792 (2020)
W. Yan, A. Page, T. Nguyen-Dang, Y. Qu, F. Sordo, L. Wei, F. Sorin, Adv. Mater. 31(1), 1802348 (2019)
J. Shi, F. Han, C. Cui, Y. Yu, X. Feng, Opt. Commun. 459, 125093 (2020)
S. Park, G. Loke, Y. Fink, P. Anikeeva, Chem. Soc. Rev. 48, 1826 (2019)
Z. Yu, O. Tarasenko, W. Margulis, P.Y. Fonjallaz, Opt. Express 16(11), 8229 (2008)
R. Bloch, W. Luthy, T. Feurer, J. Lightw. Technol. 27(11), 1454 (2009)
B. Sun, A. Wang, C. Gu, L. Xu, H. Ming, J. Lightw. Technol. 33(1), 3 (2015)
A.S. Korsakov, D.S. Vrublevsky, A.E. Lvov, L.V. Zhukova, Opt. Mater. 64, 40 (2017)
L.V. Zhukova, D.D. Salimgareev, A.E. Lvov, A.A. Yuzhakova, A.S. Korsakov, D.A. Belousov, K.V. Lipustin, V.M. Kondrashin, Chin. Opt. Lett. 19(11), 021602 (2021)
R. Scarmozzino, A. Gopinath, R. Pregla, S. Helfert, IEEE J. Sel. Top. Quant. Electron. 6(1), 150 (2000)
M. Loncar, T. Doll, J. Vuckovic, A. Scherer, J. Lightw. Technol. 18(10), 1402 (2000)
Z. Zhu, T.G. Brown, Opt. Express 10(17), 853 (2002)
P. Cheben, D.X. Xu, S. Janz, A. Densmore, Opt. Express 14(11), 4695 (2006)
Y. Matsuura, M. Saito, M. Miyagi, A. Hongo, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 6(3), 423 (1989)
X. Zhang, X.S. Zhu, Y.W. Shi, Opt. Express 26(1), 130 (2018)
X.J. Tan, X.S. Zhu, Opt. Express 24(14), 16016 (2016)
Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), Grant No. 11975073 and 12035003. We would like to thank C. Chang, Y. Guo, and B.-H. Wu for the valuable discussions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, PF., Zhou, HY., Miao, W. et al. Transmission characteristics of a cylindrically-symmetric core-cladding mode coupler in the terahertz regime. Appl. Phys. B 127, 98 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-021-07640-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-021-07640-7