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Sensitive detection using heterostructure of black phosphorus, transition metal di-chalcogenides and MXene in SPR sensor

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Abstract

This work presents van der Waals heterostructure (vdWh) of Black phosphorus (BP)/Transition metal di-chalcogenides (TMDs)/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) based highly sensitive novel SPR sensor for biochemical sensing. 2D layered nature of BP, TMDs, and MXene allow them to form van der Waals heterostructure by vertically stacking them together to get exotic electronic and optical properties useful for surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing. Unique properties of MXene like its layered architecture, larger surface area, highly accessible hydrophilic surface terminations, chemical stability, smaller work function, and strong light-matter interaction are utilized to enhance the sensitivity of the proposed sensor. The proposed work theoretically analyzes its sensitivity (S) and compares it with other structures. The anisotropic nature of 2D layered BP is used to tune the sensitivity of the proposed sensor. The highest sensitivity of 388ο/RIU is achieved at 633 nm wavelength for WS2 tri-layer in the proposed biochemical sensor. The SPs field variation along normal to interface validates the highest sensitivity obtained for the proposed heterostructure SPR sensor through field plots. These results will open an innovative route to design and develop such an SPR biochemical sensor practically, with fabrication possibilities of MXene with TMDs and BP.

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Acknowledgements

This work is partially supported by Project No. 34/14/10/2017-BRNS/34285 by the Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (BRNS), Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), and the Government of India.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology (NIT), Uttarakhand, 246174, U.K., India

    Sarika Pal

  2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Institute of Engineering and Rural Technology, Prayagraj, 211002, U.P., India

    Alka Verma

  3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology (MNNIT), Allahabad, Prayagraj, 211004, U.P., India

    Y. K. Prajapati

  4. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology (NSUT), New Delhi, 110078, India

    J. P. Saini

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  1. Sarika Pal
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Correspondence to Y. K. Prajapati.

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Pal, S., Verma, A., Prajapati, Y.K. et al. Sensitive detection using heterostructure of black phosphorus, transition metal di-chalcogenides and MXene in SPR sensor. Appl. Phys. A 126, 809 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00339-020-03998-1

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