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Risk of pleural recurrence after percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer

  • Chest
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Abstract

Objectives

To determine whether percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) increased the risk of pleural recurrence in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods

In this retrospective study, we reviewed 830 consecutive patients with stage I NSCLC who underwent curative resection between 2004 and 2010. Cox regression analyses with propensity score matching were performed to identify risk factors for pleural recurrence.

Results

Of 830 patients, 540 (65.1%) underwent PTNB before surgery, while 290 (34.9%) underwent preoperative bronchoscopic biopsy or intraoperative wedge resection for a pathological diagnosis. Concomitant pleural recurrence occurred in 42 patients (5.1% [95% CI, 3.8–6.8]; 34 [6.3%] PTNB patients and eight [2.8%] non-PTNB patients) and isolated pleural recurrence took place in 26 patients (3.1% [95% CI, 2.1–4.6]; 20 [3.7%] PTNB patients and 6 [2.1%] non-PTNB patients). On multivariate analysis after matching, only visceral pleural invasion was associated with concomitant pleural recurrence (hazard ratio [HR]=3.367; 95% CI, 1.262–8.986; p=0.015) and isolated pleural recurrence (HR=3.216; 95% CI, 1.037–9.978; p=0.043), while PTNB was associated with neither concomitant nor isolated pleural recurrence (p=0.605 and p=0.963, respectively). Among 540 patients undergoing PTNB, the transfissural approach did not have a significant association with pleural recurrence (p=0.539 and p=0.313, respectively); instead, visceral pleural invasion and microscopic lymphatic invasion were significantly associated with concomitant pleural recurrence, and microscopic lymphatic invasion was associated with isolated pleural recurrence (p<0.05).

Conclusion

PTNB did not significantly increase the risk of pleural recurrence in stage I NSCLC, whereas visceral pleural invasion was responsible for pleural recurrence.

Key Points

• PTNB did not significantly increase the risk of pleural recurrence in stage I NSCLC, whereas visceral pleural invasion was responsible for pleural recurrence.

• The transfissural approach in PTNB did not increase the risk of pleural recurrence.

• PTNB can be performed for the confirmatory diagnosis of peripheral stage I lung cancer without concern for the risk of pleural recurrence.

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Abbreviations

HR:

Hazard ratio

NSCLC:

Non-small-cell lung cancer

PSM:

Propensity score matching

PTNB:

Percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy

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Funding

The authors state that this work has not received any funding.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea

    Su Yeon Ahn, Soon Ho Yoon, Chang Min Park & Jin Mo Goo

  2. Department of Radiology, Konkuk University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea

    Su Yeon Ahn

  3. Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

    Soon Ho Yoon, Chang Min Park & Jin Mo Goo

  4. Medical Research Collaborating Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

    Bo Ram Yang

  5. Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

    Young Tae Kim

Authors
  1. Su Yeon Ahn
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  2. Soon Ho Yoon
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  5. Chang Min Park
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Soon Ho Yoon.

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Guarantor

The scientific guarantor of this publication is Soon Ho Yoon.

Conflict of interest

The authors of this article declare no relationships with any companies whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article.

Statistics and biometry

One of the authors has significant statistical expertise.

Informed consent

Written informed consent was waived by the Institutional Review Board.

Ethical approval

Institutional Review Board approval was obtained.

Methodology

• Retrospective

• Observational

• Performed at one institution

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Ahn, S.Y., Yoon, S.H., Yang, B.R. et al. Risk of pleural recurrence after percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy in stage I non-small-cell lung cancer. Eur Radiol 29, 270–278 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5561-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-018-5561-5

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