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Transcriptome profiling reveals ethylene formation in rice seeds by trichloroisocyanuric acid

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Abstract

Key message

Ethylene formation via methionine reacting with trichloroisocyanuric acid under FeSO4 condition in a non-enzymatical manner provides one economically and efficiently novel ethylene-forming approach in planta.

Abstract

Rice seed germination can be stimulated by trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCICA). However, the molecular basis of TCICA in stimulating rice seed germination remains unclear. In this study, the molecular mechanism on how TCICA stimulated rice seed germination was examined via comparative transcriptome. Results showed that clustering of transcripts of TCICA-treated seeds, water-treated seeds, and dry seeds was clearly separated. Twenty-two and three hundred differentially expressed genes were identified as TCICA treatment responsive genes and TCICA treatment potentially responsive genes, respectively. Two and one TCICA treatment responsive genes were involved in ethylene signal transduction and iron homeostasis, respectively. Seventeen of the three hundred TCICA treatment potentially responsive genes were significantly annotated to iron ion binding. Meanwhile, level of methionine (ethylene precursor) showed a 73.9% decrease in response to TCICA treatment. Ethylene was then proved to produce via methionine reacting with TCICA under FeSO4 condition in vitro. Revealing ethylene formation by TCICA not only may bring novel insights into crosstalk between ethylene and other phytohormones during rice seed germination, but also may provide one economically and efficiently novel approach to producing ethylene in planta independently of the ethylene biosynthesis in plants and thereby may broaden its applications in investigational and applied purposes.

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The data underlying this article are available in Supplementary Information.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely thank Mr Changqing Zheng (Institute of Fruit Science of Zhejiang University) for kindly detecting the ethylene formation.

Funding

This work was supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. LY20C130002 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31301289).

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Author notes

  1. Zhang Jinshi and Qian Yilu contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People’s Republic of China

    Yang Ling, Zhang Jinshi, Qian Yilu, Lian Jinjin & Zhang Weilin

  2. Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, People’s Republic of China

    Li Mei

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  1. Yang Ling
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  2. Zhang Jinshi
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  3. Qian Yilu
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  4. Lian Jinjin
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Contributions

ZWL and LM contributed to the study design and drafted the article. YL, LM, QY, ZJ and LJ analyzed the experiment results, prepared figures and tables. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Li Mei or Zhang Weilin.

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Communicated by Chun-Hai Dong.

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Supplementary Information

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299_2023_3058_MOESM1_ESM.doc

Supplementary file1 Figure S1 Principal component analysis of the transcriptomic alterations among experimental groups. TR, W and CK represent the transcriptomic alterations of TCICA-treated seeds, water-treated seeds and dry seeds (DOC 52 KB)

299_2023_3058_MOESM2_ESM.pdf

Supplementary file2 The KEGG pathway analysis for the TCICA treatment (potentially) responsive genes involving phytohormones biosynthesis and signal transduction. The red arrow indicates the up-regulated phytohormones biosynthesis. The down-regulated genes were indicated with black frame and green background; and the up- or down-regulated genes were indicated with blue frame and green background (PDF 126 KB)

Supplementary file3 (XLSX 743 KB)

Supplementary file4 (XLS 56 KB)

Supplementary file5 (XLSX 59 KB)

Supplementary file6 (XLSX 35 KB)

Supplementary file7 (XLS 773 KB)

Supplementary file8 (XLSX 454 KB)

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Ling, Y., Jinshi, Z., Yilu, Q. et al. Transcriptome profiling reveals ethylene formation in rice seeds by trichloroisocyanuric acid. Plant Cell Rep 42, 1721–1732 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-023-03058-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00299-023-03058-x

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