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Ankylosing spondylitis on unidentified individual from early modern times found in reformed church (Silická Brezová, Slovakia): a case-based review

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Abstract

The grave situated in the central part of the reformed church in Silická Brezová in Slovakia contained the human skeletal remains of one individual. The aim of this study was to confirm the presence of ankylosing spondylitis on these skeletal remains. Determine the sex, age at death, stature, and ancestry of the individual by anthropological methods, and also record and identify other pathological manifestations of diseases. A macroscopic examination has been carried out, with the analysis of the palaeopathological conditions of the remains, and subsequently an X-ray and CT completed analysis. The skeleton belonged to a male of European origin, aged between 45 and 60 years at the time of death. Stature calculated from the maximal length of his femur was 163.12 ± 3.48 cm. Pathological features were identified on the many bones. Ankylosis affected almost the whole spinal cord, including the sacroiliac joints. The skeleton also presented the manifestation of many entheseal changes. Presence of the ankylosing spondylitis was confirmed by a combination of standard anthropological methods and modern diagnostic methods (X-ray and CT analysis). It is a specific disease with a prevalence between 0.1 and 1% worldwide. There is a potential for further genetic research to determine the degree of genetic relatedness with an individual living in this village who has been diagnosed with the same disease.

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Acknowledgements

Much gratitude to Radiology department of Hospital AGEL in Levoča, for the help to conduct the X-ray analysis and obtain the computed tomography images. The research was supported by grant GaPU 7/2021.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Prešov in Prešov, Ul. 17. Novembra 1, 081 16, Prešov, Slovak Republic

    Jana Gaľová, Soňa Tökölyová, Eva Petrejčíková & Iveta Boroňová

  2. Department of Theory and Art History, Faculty of Arts, Technical University of Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic

    Peter Tajkov & Arpád Balogh

  3. Department of Technical Disciplines in Health Care, Faculty of Health Care, University of Prešov in Prešov, Prešov, Slovak Republic

    Marek Chmelík

  4. Radiology Department, Hospital AGEL Levoča, Levoča, Slovak Republic

    Marek Chmelík

  5. Clinic of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic

    Pavlína Slováková

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  1. Jana Gaľová
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  2. Soňa Tökölyová
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Gaľová, J., Tökölyová, S., Petrejčíková, E. et al. Ankylosing spondylitis on unidentified individual from early modern times found in reformed church (Silická Brezová, Slovakia): a case-based review. Rheumatol Int 42, 1873–1881 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-022-05155-8

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