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Neutrophils in innate and adaptive immunity

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Abstract

Neutrophils have long been viewed as short-lived cells crucial for the elimination of extracellular pathogens, possessing a limited role in the orchestration of the immune response. This dogma has been challenged by recent lines of evidence demonstrating the expression of an increasing number of cytokines and effector molecules by neutrophils. Moreover, in analogy with their “big brother” macrophages, neutrophils integrate the environmental signals and can be polarized towards an antitumoural or protumoural phenotype. Neutrophils are a major source of humoral fluid phase pattern recognition molecules and thus contribute to the humoral arm of innate immunity. Neutrophils cross talk and shape the maturation and effector functions of other leukocytes in a direct or indirect manner, through cell–cell contact or cytokine production, respectively. Therefore, neutrophils are integrated in the activation and regulation of the innate and adaptive immune system and play an important role in the resolution or exacerbation of diverse pathologies, including infections, chronic inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer.

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Acknowledgments

The contribution of the European Commission (FP7-HEALTH-F4-2008 “TOLERAGE” 202156, FP7-HEALTH-2011-ADITEC-280873), European Research Council (project HIIS), Fondazione CARIPLO (project Nobel and project 2009-2582), Ministero della Salute (Ricerca finalizzata), the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC; special project 5 × 1000) and Regione Lombardia (project Metadistretti—SEPSIS) is gratefully acknowledged. S.J. is the recipient of a Mario e Valeria Rindi Fellowship from AIRC.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, via Manzoni 56, 20089, Rozzano, Milan, Italy

    Sébastien Jaillon, Maria Rosaria Galdiero, Davide Del Prete, Cecilia Garlanda & Alberto Mantovani

  2. Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University of Verona, 37134, Verona, Italy

    Marco Antonio Cassatella

  3. Department of Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Rozzano, Milan, 20089, Italy

    Alberto Mantovani

  4. Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Naples Federico II, via Pansini, 80131, Naples, Italy

    Maria Rosaria Galdiero

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  1. Sébastien Jaillon
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  2. Maria Rosaria Galdiero
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  3. Davide Del Prete
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  4. Marco Antonio Cassatella
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  5. Cecilia Garlanda
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  6. Alberto Mantovani
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Correspondence to Alberto Mantovani.

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This article is a contribution to the special issue on Neutrophils – Guest Editors: Paul Hasler and Sinuhe Hahn

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Jaillon, S., Galdiero, M.R., Del Prete, D. et al. Neutrophils in innate and adaptive immunity. Semin Immunopathol 35, 377–394 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-013-0374-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00281-013-0374-8

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