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Width of the orbicularis oculi fibers extending to the upper lip with the lateral and inferior lengths of the orbicularis oculi at the lateral canthus level: application to botulinum neurotoxin type A injection for crow’s feet

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to determine the width of the fibers that extend from the orbicularis oculi muscle (OOc) to the upper lip, and the lateral and inferior lengths of the OOc at the lateral canthus level.

Methods

The OOc was investigated in the 40 hemifaces of 20 Korean cadavers. The lateral fibers of the OOc (OOc lat) were traced to determine whether or not these fibers extended to the upper lip.

Results

The OOc lat extended to the upper lip at the lateral canthus level in 31 of the 40 specimens (77.5%), whereas some inferolateral fibers of the OOc that extended to the upper lip were observed near the level of the lower margin of the OOc in the other 9 specimens (22.5%). The mean ± SD and maximum widths of the OOc lat that extended to the upper lip at the lateral canthus level were 6.9 ± 3.3 mm and 14.3 mm, respectively.

Conclusion

The obtained data will be helpful to distinguish the muscles that underly the wrinkles around the lateral canthus for safer and more-efficient BoNT-A treatments for crow’s feet.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, Mi-Sun Hur, upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors sincerely thank those who donated their bodies to science so that anatomical research could be performed. Results from such research can potentially increase mankind’s overall knowledge, which can then improve patient care. Therefore, these donors and their families deserve our highest gratitude [6].

Funding

This work was supported by a National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (No.2020R1C1C1003237).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, Daegu Catholic University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea

    Mi-Sun Hur, Yong-Suk Moon & Hongtae Kim

  2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan

    Joe Iwanaga

  3. Department of Neurosurgery, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Joe Iwanaga & R. Shane Tubbs

  4. Department of Neurology, Tulane Center for Clinical Neurosciences, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Joe Iwanaga & R. Shane Tubbs

  5. Dental and Oral Medical Center, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan

    Joe Iwanaga

  6. Division of Gross and Clinical Anatomy, Department of Anatomy, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume, Fukuoka, Japan

    Joe Iwanaga

  7. Department of Anatomical Sciences, St. George’s University, St. George’s, West Indies, Grenada

    R. Shane Tubbs

  8. Department of Structural & Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    R. Shane Tubbs

  9. Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA

    R. Shane Tubbs

  10. Department of Neurosurgery and Ochsner Neuroscience Institute, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA, USA

    R. Shane Tubbs

  11. University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia

    R. Shane Tubbs

Authors
  1. Mi-Sun Hur
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  2. Joe Iwanaga
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  3. R. Shane Tubbs
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  4. Yong-Suk Moon
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  5. Hongtae Kim
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Contributions

MSH: project development, data collection, data analysis, manuscript writing, manuscript editing; JI: manuscript writing, manuscript editing; RST: manuscript writing, manuscript editing; YSM: manuscript writing, manuscript editing; HK: manuscript writing, manuscript editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mi-Sun Hur.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Catholic Kwandong University (IRB no. CKU-21-01-0603).

Consent to participate

This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Catholic Kwandong University (IRB no. CKU-21-01-0603).

Consent for publication

All authors (MSH, JI, RST, YSM, HK) read the manuscript and have approved the content of the article and agree to present the article in "Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy" for publication.

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Hur, MS., Iwanaga, J., Tubbs, R.S. et al. Width of the orbicularis oculi fibers extending to the upper lip with the lateral and inferior lengths of the orbicularis oculi at the lateral canthus level: application to botulinum neurotoxin type A injection for crow’s feet. Surg Radiol Anat 45, 461–468 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-023-03103-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00276-023-03103-0

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