Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

A Working Framework for Quantifying Carbon Sequestration in Disturbed Land Mosaics

  • Published:
Environmental Management Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We propose a working framework for future studies of net carbon exchange (NCE) in disturbed landscapes at broad spatial scales based on the central idea that landscape-level NCE is determined by the land mosaic, including its age structure. Within this framework, we argue that the area-of-edge-influence (AEI), which is prevalent in many disturbed, fragmented landscapes, should constitute a distinct ecosystem type since numerous studies have indicated unique ecological properties within these areas. We present and justify four working hypotheses currently being tested in northern Wisconsin, based on this framework: (1) the area of an ecosystem that is influenced by structural edges (e.g., AEI) has NCE that is significantly different from the ecosystem interior; (2) age structure and composition of an ecosystem play critical roles in determining the ecosystem’s contribution to the cumulative net ecosystem production (NEP) of the landscape mosaic; (3) the relative importance of different structural and biophysical controls of carbon exchange is ecosystem dependent; and (4) the frequency and intensity of disturbances in time and space control the cumulative NCE of the land mosaic through alteration of ecosystems that vary in age, structure, physical environment, and interactions. In addition, we describe five different research approaches to quantify NCE at broad scales, including biometric estimations, ecophysiological methods, micrometeorological methods, applications of remote sensing and GIS, and ecosystem models.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. R. Aber S. Nielson J. McNulty D. Lenihan . Bachelet R. Drapek (2001) ArticleTitleForest processes and global environmental change: predicting the effects of individual and multiple stressors BioScience 51 735–751

    Google Scholar 

  2. J. D. Aber C. A. Federer (1992) ArticleTitleA generalized, lumped-parameter model of photosynthesis, evapotranspiration and net primary production in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems Oecologia 92 463–474

    Google Scholar 

  3. J. D. Aber S. V. Ollinger C. A. Federer P. B. Reich M. L. Goulden D. W. Kicklighter J. M. Melillo R. G. Lathrop Jr. (1995) ArticleTitlePredicting the effects of climate change on water yield and forest production in the northeastern United States Climate Research 5 207–222

    Google Scholar 

  4. J. D. Aber P. Reich M. L. Goulden (1996) ArticleTitleExtrapolating leaf CO2 exchange to the canopy: a generalized model of forest photosynthesis compared with measurements by eddy correlation Oecologia 106 257–265

    Google Scholar 

  5. J. S. Amthor (1995) ArticleTitleTerrestrial higher plant response to increasing atmospheric CO2 in relation to the global carbon cycle Global Change Biology 1 243–274

    Google Scholar 

  6. P. G. Angold (1997) ArticleTitleThe impact of a road upon adjacent heathland vegetation: effects on plant species composition Journal of Applied Ecology 34 409–417

    Google Scholar 

  7. A. Arneth F. M. Kelliher T. M. McSeveny J. N. Byers (1999) ArticleTitleNet ecosystem productivity, net primary productivity and ecosystem carbon sequestration in a Pinus radiata plantation subject to soil water deficit Tree Physiology 18 785–793

    Google Scholar 

  8. G. Asrar R. Myneni B. J. Choudhury (1992) ArticleTitleSpatial heterogeneity in vegetation canopies and remote sensing of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation: A modeling study Remote Sensing of Environment 41 85–103 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0034-4257(92)90070-Z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. P. S. Bakwin P. P. Tans D. F. Hurst C. Zhao (1998) ArticleTitleMeasurements of carbon dioxide on very tall towers: results of the NOAA/CMDL program Tellus 50B 401–415 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXpslKhsg%3D%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. K. M. Bergen M. G. Dobson (1999) ArticleTitleIntegration of remotely sensed radar imagery in modeling and mapping of forest biomass and net primary production Ecological Modelling 122 257–274 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00141-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Birdsey, R. A. 1992. Carbon storage and accumulation in United States forest ecosystems. General Technical Report WO-59. USDA Forest Service, Washington, DC

  12. Brosofske, K.D. (1999) “Relationships between understory vegetation and landscape structure across multiple spatial scales in northern Wisconsin”. Ph.D. Disertation, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI

  13. K. D. Brosofske J. Chen T. R. Crow S. C. Saunders (1999) ArticleTitleVegetation responses to landscape structure at multiple spatial scales across a northern Wisconsin, USA, pine barrens landscape Plant Ecology 143 203–218 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1009768115186

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. S. Brown L. R. Iverson A. Prasad D. Liu (1993) ArticleTitleGeographical distributions of carbon in biomass and soils of tropical Asian forests Geocarto International 8 45–60

    Google Scholar 

  15. E. V. Carey A. Sala R. Kean R. M. Callaway (2001) ArticleTitleAre old-forests underestimated as carbon sinks? Global Change Biology 7 339–344 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2486.2001.00418.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. J. Chen M. Falk E. Euskirchen K. T. Paw U T. H. Suchanek S. L. Ustin B. J. Bond K. D. Brosofske N. Phillips R. Bi (2002) ArticleTitleBiophysical controls of carbon flows in three successional Douglas-fir stands based on eddy-covariance measurements Tree Physiology 22 169–177 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XitVCnsbk%3D Occurrence Handle11830413

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. J. Chen J. F. Franklin J. S. Lowe (1996) ArticleTitleComparison of abiotic and structurally defined patch patterns in a hypothetical forest landscape Conservation Biology 10 854–862 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1523-1739.1996.10030854.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Chen J. F. Franklin T. A. Spies (1992) ArticleTitleVegetation responses to edge environments in old-growth Douglas-fir forests Ecological Applications 2 387–396

    Google Scholar 

  19. J. Chen J. F. Franklin T. A. Spies (1995) ArticleTitleGrowing-season microclimatic gradients from clearcut edges into old-growth Douglas-fir forests Ecological Applications 5 74–86

    Google Scholar 

  20. J. Chen S. Saunders T. Crow K. Brosofske G. Mroz R. Naiman B. Brookshire J. Franklin (1999) ArticleTitleMicroclimate in forest ecosystem and landscape ecology BioScience 49 288–297

    Google Scholar 

  21. D. A. Clark S. Brown D. W. Kicklighter J. Q. Chambers J. R. Thomlinson J. Ni E. A. Holland (2001) ArticleTitleMeasuring net primary production in forests: concepts and field methods Ecological Applications 11 356–370

    Google Scholar 

  22. K. L. Clark H. L. Gholz J. B. Moncrieff F. Cropley H. W. Loescher (1999) ArticleTitleEnvironmental controls over net exchanges of carbon dioxide from contrasting Florida ecosystems Ecological Applications 9 936–948

    Google Scholar 

  23. G. J. Collatz J. T. Ball C. Grivet J. A. Berry (1991) ArticleTitlePhysiological and environmental regulation of stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, and transpiration: a model that includes a laminar boundary layer Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 54 107–136 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0168-1923(91)90002-8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. M. L. Crawford R. J. Dobosy R. T. McMillen C. A. Vodel B. B. Hicks (1996) ArticleTitleAir-surface exchange measurement in heterogeneous regions: extending tower observations with spatial structure observed from small aircraft Global Change Biology 2 275–285

    Google Scholar 

  25. P. S. Curtis P. J. Hanson P. Bolstad C. Barford J. C. Randolph H.P. Schmid K. B. Wilson (2002) ArticleTitleBiometric and eddy-covariance based estimates of annual carbon storage in five eastern North American deciduous forests Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113 3–19 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0168-1923(02)00099-0

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. V. H. Dale L. A. Joyce S. McNulty R. R. Neilson M. P. Ayres M. D. Flannigan P. J. Hanson L. C. Irland A. E. Lugo C. J. Peterson D. Simberloff F. J. Swanson B. J. Stocks B. M. Wotton (2001) ArticleTitleClimate change and forest disturbances BioScience 51 723–734

    Google Scholar 

  27. E. A. Davidson E. Belk R. D. Boone (1998) ArticleTitleSoil water content and temperature as independent of confounded factors controlling soil respiration in a temperature mixed hardwood forest Global Change Biology 4 217–227 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00128.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. A. S. Denning I. Y. Fung D. Randall (1995) ArticleTitleLatitudinal gradient of atmospheric CO2 due to seasonal exchange with land biota Nature 376 240–243 Occurrence Handle10.1038/376240a0 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXntFSmurY%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. R. K. Didham (1997) The influence of edge effects and forest fragmentation on leaf litter invertebrates in central Amazonia. Pages 55–69 W. F. Laurance R. O. Bierregaard Jr. (Eds) Tropical forest remnants: ecology, management and conservation of fragmented communities The University of Chicago Press Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  30. W. Eugster J. P. McFadden F. S. Chapin III (1997) ArticleTitleA comparative approach to regional variation in surface fluxes using mobile eddy correlation towers Boundary-Layer Meteorology 85 293–307 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1000552311805

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. E. S. Euskirchen J. Chen R. Bi (2001) ArticleTitleEffects of edges on plant communities in a managed landscape in northern Wisconsin Forest Ecology and Management 148 93–108 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0378-1127(00)00527-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. E. S. Euskirchen J. Chen H. Li E. J. Gustafson T. R. Crow (2002) ArticleTitleModeling net carbon flows under alternative management regimes at a landscape level Ecological Modelling 154 75–91 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0304-3800(02)00052-2 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XktlKhtbg%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Euskirchen, E. S. J. Chen, E. J. Gustafson, S. Ma 2003. Soil respiration at dominant patch types within a managed northern Wisconsin landscape. Ecosystems 6: 595–607

  34. S. Fan M. J. Gloor S. Mahlman J. Pacala T. Sarmiento T. Takahashi P. Tans (1998) ArticleTitleA large terrestrial carbon sink in North America implied by atmospheric and oceanic carbon dioxide data and models Science 282 442–446 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.282.5388.442 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXmslaqu7o%3D Occurrence Handle9774264

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. R. T. T. Forman (1995) Land mosaics: the ecology of landscapes and regions Cambridge University Press Great Britain

    Google Scholar 

  36. R. T. T. Forman R. D. Deblinger (2000) ArticleTitleThe ecological road-effect zone of a Massachusetts (USA) suburban highway Conservation Biology 14 36–46 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1523-1739.2000.99088.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. J. F. Franklin (1993) ArticleTitlePreserving biodiversity: species, ecosystems, or landscapes Ecological Applications 3 202–205

    Google Scholar 

  38. J. E. Gates L. W. Gysel (1978) ArticleTitleAvian nest dispersion and fledging success in field-forest ecotones Ecology 59 871–883

    Google Scholar 

  39. S. J. Goetz S. D. Prince J. Small A. Gleason M. M. Thawley (2000) ArticleTitleInterannual variability in global terrestrial primary production: results of a model driven with satellite observations Journal of Geophysical Research 105 20077–20091 Occurrence Handle10.1029/2000JD900274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. M. L. Goulden J. W. Munger S. M. Fan B. C. Daube S. C. Wofsy (1996) ArticleTitleMeasurements of carbon sequestration by long-term eddy covariance: methods and a critical evaluation of accuracy Global Change Biology 2 169–182

    Google Scholar 

  41. E. J. Gustafson T. R. Crow (1994) ArticleTitleModeling the effects of forest harvesting on landscape structure and the spatial distribution of cowbird brood parasitism Landscape Ecology 9 237–248

    Google Scholar 

  42. M. E. Harmon W. K. Ferrell J. F. Franklin (1990) ArticleTitleEffects on carbon storage of conversion of old-growth forests to young forests Science 701 699–702

    Google Scholar 

  43. K. A. Harper S. E. Macdonald (2002) ArticleTitleStructure and composition of edges next to regenerating clearcuts in the mixedwood boreal forest Journal of Vegetation Science 13 535–546

    Google Scholar 

  44. D. Y. Hollinger F. M. Kelliher J. N. Byers J. E. Hunt T. M. McSeveny P. L. Weir (1994) ArticleTitleCarbon dioxide exchange between an undisturbed old-growth temperate forest and the atmosphere Ecology 75 134–150

    Google Scholar 

  45. L. R. Iverson S. Brown A. Grainger A. Prasad D. Liu (1993) ArticleTitleCarbon sequestration in tropical Asia: an assessment of technically suitable forest lands using geographic information systems analysis Climate Research 3 23–38

    Google Scholar 

  46. W. F. Laurance S. G. Laurance L. V. Ferreira J. M. Rankin-de Merona C. Gascon T. E. Lovejoy (1997) ArticleTitleBiomass collapse in Amazonian forest fragments Science 278 1117–1118 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.278.5340.1117 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXnt1aisbk%3D

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. B. E. Law P. E. Thornton J. Irvine P. M. Anthoni S. Van Tuyl (2001) ArticleTitleCarbon storage and fluxes in ponderosa pine forests at different developmental stages Global Change Biology 7 755–777 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1354-1013.2001.00439.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. W. J. Massman X. Lee (2002) ArticleTitleEddy covariance flux corrections and uncertainties in long-term studies of carbon and energy exchanges Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 113 121–144 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0168-1923(02)00105-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. G. R. Matlack (1993) ArticleTitleMicroenvironment variation within and among forest edge sites in the eastern United States Biological Conservation 66 185–194 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0006-3207(93)90004-K

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. G. R. Matlack (1994) ArticleTitleVegetation dynamics of the forest edge: trends in space and successional time Journal of Ecology 82 113–123

    Google Scholar 

  51. J. L. Monteith (1972) ArticleTitleSolar radiation and productivity in tropical ecosystems Journal of Applied Ecology 9 747–766

    Google Scholar 

  52. J. L. Monteith (1977) ArticleTitleClimate and the efficiency of crop production in Britain Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 281 277–294

    Google Scholar 

  53. A. S. Morén A. Lindroth A. Grelle (2001) ArticleTitleWater-use efficiency as a means of modeling net assimilation in boreal forests Trees 15 67–74 Occurrence Handle10.1007/s004680000078

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. R. B. Myneni R. R. Nemani S. W. Running (1997) ArticleTitleEstimation of global LAI and FPAR from radiative transfer models Transactions of Geoscience and Remote Sensing 35 1380–1393 Occurrence Handle10.1109/36.649788

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. R. R. Nemani S. W. Running (1995) ArticleTitleSatellite monitoring of global land cover changes and their impact on climate Climatic Change 31 395–413

    Google Scholar 

  56. S. F. Oberbauer W. Cheng C. T. Gillesie B. Ostendorf A. Sala R. Gebauer R. A. Virginia J. D. Tenhunen (1996) Landscape patterns of carbon dioxide exchange in tundra ecosystems. Pages 223–256 J. F. Reynolds J. D. Tenhunen (Eds) Landscape function and disturbance in Arctic tundra Ecological studies series vol. 120 Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg

    Google Scholar 

  57. A. M. O’Connell (1990) ArticleTitleMicrobial decomposition (respiration) of litter in eucalypt forests of southwestern Australia: an empirical model based on laboratory incubations Soil Biology and Biochemistry 22 153–160 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0038-0717(90)90080-J

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. K. T. Paw U T J. Qiu H. B. Su T. Watanabe Y. Brunet (1995) ArticleTitleSurface renewal analysis: a new method to obtain scalar fluxes without velocity data Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 74 119–137 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0168-1923(94)02182-J

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. K. T. Paw U D. D. Baldocchi T. P. Meyers K. B. Wilson (2000) ArticleTitleCorrection of eddy-covariance measurements incorporating both advective effects and density fluxes Boundary-Layer Meteorology 97 487–511 Occurrence Handle10.1023/A:1002786702909

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. C. S. Potter S. A. Klooster (1999) ArticleTitleTechnical comments: North American carbon sink Science 283 1815a Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.283.5409.1815a

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. I. C. Prentice M. Heimann S. Sitch (2000) ArticleTitleThe carbon balance of the terrestrial biosphere: ecosystem models and atmospheric observations Ecological Applications 10 1553–1573

    Google Scholar 

  62. S. D. Prince S. N. Goward (1995) ArticleTitleGlobal primary production: a remote sensing approach Journal of Biogeography 22 815–835

    Google Scholar 

  63. J. W. Raich W. H. Schlesinger (1992) ArticleTitleThe global carbon dioxide flux in soil respiration and its relationship to vegetation and climate Tellus 44B 81–99 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK38XksVOgsLY%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Rossi, F. Duce P. Spano, D. 2002. Advanced short course on agricultural, forest and micrometeorology. Instituto di Biometeorologia, Bologna, Italy.

  65. S. W Running P. E. Thornton R. Nemani J. M. Glassy (2000) Global terrestrial gross and net primary productivity from the earth observing system. Pages 44–57 O. E. Sala R. Jackson H. A. Mooney R. Hwarth (Eds) Methods in ecosystem science Springer-Verlag New York

    Google Scholar 

  66. Sarmiento, J. L., Wofsy S. C. 1999. A. U. S. carbon cycle science plan. A report of the carbon and climate working group. US Global Change Research Program, Washington, DC.

  67. D. Schimel J. Melillo H. Tian A. D. McGuire D. Kicklighter T. Kittel N. Rosenbloom S. Running P. Thornton D. Ojima W. Parton R. Kelly M. Sykes R. Neilson B. Rizzo (2000) ArticleTitleContribution of increasing CO2 and climate to carbon storage by ecosystems in the United States Science 287 2004–2006 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.287.5460.2004 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXhvF2ru78%3D Occurrence Handle10720324

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  68. E. D. Schulze C. Wirth M. Heimann (2000) ArticleTitleManaging forests after Kyoto Science 289 2058–2059 Occurrence Handle10.1126/science.289.5487.2058 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXmvVCnu7g%3D Occurrence Handle11032555

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  69. P. J. Sellers (1987) ArticleTitleCanopy reflectance, photosynthesis and transpiration. II. The role of biophysics in the linearity of their interdependence Remote Sensing of Environment 21 143–183 Occurrence Handle10.1016/0034-4257(87)90051-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. P. P. Tans I. Y. Fung T. Takahashi (1990) ArticleTitleObservational constraints on the global atmospheric CO2 budget Science 247 1431–1438 Occurrence Handle1:CAS:528:DyaK3cXktFWgtLc%3D

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. D. P. Turner G. Dodson H. Gucinski C. Peterson R. K. Dixon (1993) ArticleTitleMonitoring global change: comparison of forest cover estimates using remote sensing and inventory approaches Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 26 295–305

    Google Scholar 

  72. D. P. Turner G. J. Koerper M. E. Harmon J. J. Lee (1995) ArticleTitleA carbon budget for forests of the conterminous United States Ecological Applications 5 421–436

    Google Scholar 

  73. G. L. Vourlitis Y. Harazono W. C. Oechel M. Yoshimoto M. Mano (2000) ArticleTitleSpatial and temporal variations in landscape-scale net CO2 exchange, respiration, and gross primary production in arctic tundra ecosystems Functional Ecology 14 203–214 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1365-2435.2000.00419.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. B. Walker W. Steffen (1997) ArticleTitleAn overview of the implications of global change for natural and managed terrestrial ecosystems (http://www.consecol.org/vol1/iss2/art2) Conservation Ecology (online) 1(2) 2

    Google Scholar 

  75. R. H. Waring (1993) How ecophysiologists can help scale from leaves to landscapes. Pages 159–166 J. H. Ehleringer C.B. Field (Eds) Scaling physiological processes: leaf to globe Academic Press San Diego

    Google Scholar 

  76. R. H. Waring B. E. Law M. L. Goulden S. L. Bassow R. W. McCreight S. C. Wofsy F. A. Bazzaz (1995) ArticleTitleScaling gross ecosystem production at Harvard Forest with remote sensing: a comparison of estimates from a constrained quantum-use efficiency model and eddy correlation Plant, Cell and Environment 18 1201–1213

    Google Scholar 

  77. R. Z. Watkins J. Chen J. Pickens K. D. Brosofske (2003) ArticleTitleEffects of forest roads on understory plants in a managed hardwood landscape Conservation Biology 17 411–419 Occurrence Handle10.1046/j.1523-1739.2003.01285.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. S. C. Wofsy D. Hollinger (1997) ArticleTitleScience plan for AmeriFlux: US long term flux measurement network. http://www.eds.ornl.gov/programs/nigec/scif.html. . . .

    Google Scholar 

  79. R. H. Yahner (1988) ArticleTitleChanges in wildlife communities near edges Conservation Biology 2 333–339

    Google Scholar 

  80. D. Zheng J. Chen (2000) ArticleTitleEdge effects in fragmented landscapes: a generic model for delineating area of edge influences (D-AEI) Ecological Modelling 132 175–190 Occurrence Handle10.1016/S0304-3800(00)00254-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The ongoing work upon which this framework is based is supported primarily by the National Science Foundation (DEB 0129405). Additional financial support was also provided by the Northern Global Climate Change Program of the USDA Forest Service, and the Joint Fire Science Program. Ray Kiewit, Linda Parker, and Chris Worth of the Chequamegon National Forest provided much logistic support. Richard Birdsey and an anonymous reviewer provided some constructive suggestions to improve the quality of this paper.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth, Ecological and Environmental Sciences, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio 43606, USA

    Jiquan Chen, Kimberley D. Brosofske, Asko Noormets, Mary K. Bresee, James M. Le Moine, Steve V. Mather & Daolan Zheng

  2. USDA Forest Service, North Central Research Station, Grand Rapids, Minnesota 55744, USA

    Thomas R. Crow

  3. School of Forest Resources and Environmental Science, Michigan Technological University Houghton, Michigan 49931, USA

    Eugénie S. Euskirchen

Authors
  1. Jiquan Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kimberley D. Brosofske
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Asko Noormets
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Thomas R. Crow
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mary K. Bresee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. James M. Le Moine
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Eugénie S. Euskirchen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Steve V. Mather
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Daolan Zheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chen, J., Brosofske, K., Noormets, A. et al. A Working Framework for Quantifying Carbon Sequestration in Disturbed Land Mosaics . Environmental Management 33 (Suppl 1), S210–S221 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9131-4

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-003-9131-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation