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Pathoanatomy and computed tomography classification of glenoid fossa fractures based on ninety patients

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of the article is to present the pathoanatomy and a new classification of glenoid fractures developed on the basis of analysis of 3D computed tomography (CT) examinations and intra-operative findings.

Materials and methods

The study group comprised 90 patients (69 men and 21 women) who sustained glenoid fractures. Mean patient age was 47 years (17-92). In 77 nonpolytraumatised patients, anteroposterior (AP) radiographs of the affected shoulder girdle were taken, including Neer I and II views. All 90 patients underwent CT examination, combined in 73 of them with 3D CT reconstruction including subtraction of the humeral head, ribs and clavicle, from the anterior and posterolateral views. In total, 52 patients (58 %) were operated on and 38 42 %) were treated non-operatively.

Results

In total, five basic types of injuries to the glenoid were identified based on analysis of the separated portion of the glenoid fossa: including fractures of the superior glenoid (14 cases, 16 %), the anterior glenoid (23 cases, 23 %), the posterior rim of the glenoid (5 cases, 6 %), the inferior glenoid (38 cases, 42 %) and the entire glenoid (10 cases, 11 %).

Conclusion

The proposed classification of glenoid fractures defines five basic types of fractures verified by 3D CT reconstructions and intra-operative findings. It respects the anatomical architecture of scapula, fracture mechanism, associated injuries to the shoulder girdle and, where appropriate, the preferred surgical approach.

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Acknowledgments

The study was prepared under the Grant IGA MZ ČR NT/14092: Diagnostics and Operative Treatment of Displaced Intra-articular Fractures of the Scapula. The authors wish to thank Prof. Chris Colton, FRCS and Ludmila Bébarová for their assistance in the preparation of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopaedics, First Faculty of Medicine, Central Military Hospital, Charles University Prague, U Vojenské nemocnice 1200, 169 02, Prague 6, Czech Republic

    Jan Bartoníček, Michal Tuček & Antonín Chochola

  2. Department of Radiology, Central Military Hospital, U Vojenskénemocnice 1200, 169 02, Prague 6, Czech Republic

    Daniel Klika

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  1. Jan Bartoníček
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  2. Michal Tuček
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  3. Daniel Klika
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  4. Antonín Chochola
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Correspondence to Jan Bartoníček.

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Bartoníček, J., Tuček, M., Klika, D. et al. Pathoanatomy and computed tomography classification of glenoid fossa fractures based on ninety patients. International Orthopaedics (SICOT) 40, 2383–2392 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-016-3169-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00264-016-3169-4

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