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Prediction of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer recurrence during intravesical BCG immunotherapy by use of peripheral blood eosinophil count and percentage: a preliminary report

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Abstract

Objectives

To determine whether there is an association between blood eosinophil count and percentage with the recurrence of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) during Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) maintenance therapy with our preliminary results.

Methods

A total of 53 patients with NMIBC underwent BCG immunotherapy between January 2015 and September 2018, and met our inclusion criteria were included in the study. The parameters age, gender, smoking status, comorbidity, blood neutrophil, lymphocyte and eosinophil counts, blood eosinophil percentage, previous single postoperative intravesical chemotherapy instillation, tumor characteristic, and total and maintenance dose numbers of BCG were extracted from our medical records and compared between patients with response and with recurrence.

Results

Blood eosinophil count and percentage were significantly higher in patients with recurrence compared to patients with response (0.263 ± 0.37 vs. 0.0134 ± 0.021, p = 0.01 and 0.31 ± 0.29 vs. 0.17 ± 0.27, p = 0.01). Other parameters were similar in patients with recurrence and response. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis showed a considerable diagnostic value of blood eosinophil count and percentage in the prediction of bladder cancer recurrence during BCG immunotherapy.

Conclusion

Blood eosinophil count and percentage in patients with NMIBC can predict the disease recurrence during the BCG immunotherapy. Our research raised new questions and assumptions about the role of eosinophils during BCG immunotherapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urology, Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Merkez Mh, Dr. Sadık Ahmet Caddesi, Bagcilar, 34100, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mustafa Zafer Temiz, Aykut Colakerol, Ismail Ulus, Enes Kilic, Filip Paslanmaz & Sergen Sahin

  2. Department of Urology, University of Health Sciences/Bagcilar Training and Research Hospital, Merkez Mh, Dr. Sadık Ahmet Caddesi, Bagcilar, 34100, Istanbul, Turkey

    Emrah Yuruk, Engin Kandirali, Atilla Semercioz & Ahmet Yaser Muslumanoglu

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  1. Mustafa Zafer Temiz
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Contributions

MZT: conception and design of the work, literature review, drafting manuscript, analysis, and/or interpretation of the data; AC: design of the work, data collection, and/or processing; IU: design of the work, data collection, and/or processing; EK: data collection and/or processing; FP: data collection and/or processing; SS: data collection and/or processing; EY: conception and design of the work, and literature review; EK: supervision and critical review; AS: supervision and critical review; AYM: supervision and critical review.

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Correspondence to Mustafa Zafer Temiz.

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Temiz, M.Z., Colakerol, A., Ulus, I. et al. Prediction of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer recurrence during intravesical BCG immunotherapy by use of peripheral blood eosinophil count and percentage: a preliminary report. Cancer Immunol Immunother 70, 245–252 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-020-02673-x

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