Abstract
Amino acids are the building blocks of protein, promoting the balance between growth and lipid synthesis. However, the accumulation of microbial lipids involves multiple pathways, which requires the analysis of the global cellular metabolic network in which amino acid metabolism is involved. This review illustrates the dependence patterns of intracellular amino acids and lipids of oleaginous eukaryotic microorganisms in different environments and points out the contribution of amino acid metabolic precursors to the de novo synthesis of fatty acids. We emphasized the key role of amino acid metabolism in lipid remodeling and autophagy behavior and highlighted the regulatory effects of amino acids and their secondary metabolites as signal factors for microbial lipid synthesis. The application prospects of omics technology and genetic engineering technology in the field of microbial lipids are described.
Key points
• Overview of microbial lipid synthesis mediated by amino acid metabolism
• Insight into metabolic mechanisms founding multiple regulatory networks is provided
• Description of microbial lipid homeostasis mediated by amino acid excitation signal
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This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFC2100700), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 31901659, 31722041), and the program of “Collaborative innovation center of food safety and quality control in Jiangsu Province.”
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All authors have read and agree to the published version of the manuscript. Conceptualization, Y.C. and H.C.; resources, H.C., X.T., J.Z., H.Z., Y.C., and W.C.; writing—original draft preparation, Y.C.; writing—review and editing, H.C.; visualization, Y.C.; funding acquisition, H.C., X.T., Z.G., J.Z., H.Z., Y.C. and W.C.
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Cai, Y., Chen, H., Tang, X. et al. The relationship between amino acid and lipid metabolism in oleaginous eukaryotic microorganism. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 106, 3405–3417 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-11931-0
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-11931-0