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Immobilized redox mediators for electrochemical NAD(P)+ regeneration

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Abstract

The applicability of dissolved redox mediators for NAD(P)+ regeneration has been demonstrated several times. Nevertheless, the use of mediators in solutions for sensor applications is not a very convenient strategy since the analysis is not reagentless and long stabilization times occur. The most important drawbacks of dissolved mediators in biocatalytic applications are interferences during product purification, limited reusability of the mediators, and their cost-intensive elimination from wastewater. Therefore, the use of immobilized mediators has both economic and ecological advantages. This work critically reviews the current state-of-art of immobilized redox mediators for electrochemical NAD(P)+ regeneration. Various surface modification techniques, such as adsorption polymerization and covalent linkage, as well as the corresponding NAD(P)+ regeneration rates and the operational stability of the immobilized mediator films, will be discussed. By comparison with other existing regeneration systems, the technical potential and future perspectives of biocatalytic redox reactions based on electrochemically fed immobilized mediators will be assessed.

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Acknowledgment

This work was supported by the German Federal Environmental Foundation (DBU—Deutsche Bundesstiftung Umwelt), grant number: 13253.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DECHEMA e.V., Karl-Winnacker-Institut, Theodor-Heuss-Allee 25, 60486, Frankfurt, Germany

    Svenja Kochius, Anders O. Magnusson, Jens Schrader & Dirk Holtmann

  2. Department of Biotechnology, TU Delft, Julianalaan 136, 2628 BL, Delft, The Netherlands

    Frank Hollmann

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  1. Svenja Kochius
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  2. Anders O. Magnusson
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  5. Dirk Holtmann
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Correspondence to Dirk Holtmann.

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Kochius, S., Magnusson, A.O., Hollmann, F. et al. Immobilized redox mediators for electrochemical NAD(P)+ regeneration. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 93, 2251–2264 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-3900-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-012-3900-z

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