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Seasonal Succession and Coherence Among Bacteria and Microeukaryotes in Lake Baikal

  • Environmental Microbiology
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Abstract

Microorganisms exhibit seasonal succession governed by physicochemical factors and interspecies interactions, yet drivers of this process in different environments remain to be determined. We used high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 18S rRNA genes to study seasonal dynamics of bacterial and microeukaryotic communities at pelagic site of Lake Baikal from spring (under-ice, mixing) to autumn (direct stratification). The microbial community was subdivided into distinctive coherent clusters of operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Individual OTUs were consistently replaced during different seasonal events. The coherent clusters change their contribution to the microbial community depending on season. Changes of temperature, concentrations of silicon, and nitrates are the key factors affected the structure of microbial communities. Functional prediction revealed that some bacterial or eukaryotic taxa that switched with seasons had similar functional properties, which demonstrate their functional redundancy. We have also detected specific functional properties in different coherent clusters of bacteria or microeukaryotes, which can indicate their ability to adapt to seasonal changes of environment. Our results revealed a relationship between seasonal succession, coherency, and functional features of freshwater bacteria and microeukaryotes.

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Acknowledgements

The study was performed using microscopes of the Instrumental Center “Electron Microscopy” of the Shared Research Facilities for Research “Ultramicroanalysis” LIN SB RAS and using HPC-cluster “Akademik V.M. Matrosov” of the Irkutsk Supercomputer Center of SB RAS. We thank crews of the research vessels “G.Yu. Vereshchagin” and “Akademik V.A. Koptyug” for their skillful assistance with sample collection. We also thank to Ivan Sidorov, system administrator of HPC-cluster, for help in performing computations.

Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Russian Federation projects: no. 0279–2021-0008 (fieldwork, phytoplankton analyses); no. 0279–2021-0009 (DNA extraction and metagenomic analyzes), no. 0279–2021-0004 (temperature analyzes), and by the Integration project of the Irkutsk Scientific Center state registration no. AAAA-A17-117041250054–8 “Basic research and innovative technologies as a basis for advanced development of Baikal region and its interregional relationships” (project 4.2 “Application of the NGS-BD methods for solution of ecological problems” (hydrochemical analyzes, sequencing and statistical analyzes).

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  1. Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia

    Ivan S. Mikhailov, Yuri P. Galachyants, Yuri S. Bukin, Darya P. Petrova, Maria V. Bashenkhaeva, Maria V. Sakirko, Vadim V. Blinov, Lubov A. Titova, Yulia R. Zakharova & Yelena V. Likhoshway

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  1. Ivan S. Mikhailov
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  2. Yuri P. Galachyants
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  10. Yelena V. Likhoshway
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Correspondence to Ivan S. Mikhailov.

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Mikhailov, I.S., Galachyants, Y.P., Bukin, Y.S. et al. Seasonal Succession and Coherence Among Bacteria and Microeukaryotes in Lake Baikal. Microb Ecol 84, 404–422 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-021-01860-2

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