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Different Recovery Processes of Soil Ammonia Oxidizers from Flooding Disturbance

  • Soil Microbiology
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Abstract

Understanding how microorganisms respond to environmental disturbance is one of the key focuses in microbial ecology. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and archaea (AOA) are responsible for ammonia oxidation which is a crucial step in the nitrogen cycle. Although the physiology, distribution, and activity of AOA and AOB in soil have been extensively investigated, their recovery from a natural disturbance remains largely unknown. To assess the recovery capacities, including resistance and resilience, of AOA and AOB, soil samples were taken from a reservoir riparian zone which experienced periodically water flooding. The samples were classified into three groups (flooding, recovery, and control) for a high-throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR analysis. We used a relative quantitative index of both the resistance (RS) and resilience (RL) to assess the variation of gene abundance, alpha-diversity, and community composition. The AOA generally demonstrated a better recovery capability after the flooding disturbance compared to AOB. In particular, AOA were more resilient after the flooding disturbance. Taxa within the AOA and AOB showed different RS and RL values, with the most abundant taxa showing in general the highest RS indices. Soil NH4+ and Fe2+/Fe3+ were the main variables controlling the key taxa of AOA and AOB and probably influenced the resistance and resilience properties of AOA and AOB communities. The distinct mechanisms of AOA and AOB in maintaining community stability against the flooding disturbance might be linked to the different life-history strategies: the AOA community was more likely to represent r-strategists in contrast to the AOB community following a K-life strategy. Our results indicated that the AOA may play a vital role in ammonia oxidation in a fluctuating habitat and contribute to the stability of riparian ecosystem.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [41303053, 41571497, 41301540]. We are grateful to the Kaizhou Science & Technology Commission for the assistance in sampling and background data collection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chongqing Institute of Green and Intelligent Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, 400714, China

    Fei Ye, Mao-Hua Ma, Ming-Quan Lv, Sheng-Jun Wu & Yu Wang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Fei Ye & Ming-Quan Lv

  3. Department of Microbiology, IWWR, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, 6525 AJ, the Netherlands

    Huub J. M. Op den Camp

  4. Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, 04318, Leipzig, Germany

    Antonis Chatzinotas

  5. Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, 04103, Leipzig, Germany

    Antonis Chatzinotas

  6. Beijing Academy of Science and Technology, Beijing, 100048, China

    Lei Li

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Ye, F., Ma, MH., Op den Camp, H.J.M. et al. Different Recovery Processes of Soil Ammonia Oxidizers from Flooding Disturbance. Microb Ecol 76, 1041–1052 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-018-1183-3

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