Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Particle-Size Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Road Dust of Masan, Korea

  • Published:
Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Concentrations and compositions of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in particle size fractions of road dust sampled from contrasting areas of an industrialised city in Korea are reported. The largest amounts of road dust were present in industrial areas, followed by areas subject to heavy traffic, and the lowest amounts were associated with a residential area. The highest concentrations of PAHs were recorded in road dust sampled from the areas with the heaviest traffic (0.45–4.1 μg/g), followed by industrial areas (0.1–3.56 μg/g), with the lowest concentrations associated with a residential area (0.32–1.95 μg/g). PAH concentrations in the fractionated dust from the industrialised areas exhibited an inverse correlation with particle size. Although a similar general pattern was observed in the areas of heavy traffic, some increased concentrations associated with larger particles possibly reflect petrogenic contributions. Particles in road dusts from the residential area were generally smaller than those from the other areas, with PAH composition dominated by pyrogenic sources. PAH compositional profiles, evaluated through diagnostic isomeric ratios, indicate that exhaust emissions, rather than crankcase oils or tire and asphalt abrasion, are the major polluting source.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Adachi K, Tainosho Y (2005) Single particle characterization of size-fractionated road sediments. Appl Geochem 20:849–859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Apeagyei E, Bank MS, Spengler JD (2011) Distribution of heavy metals in road dust along an urban-rural gradient in Massachusetts. Atmos Environ 45:2310–2323

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boonyatumanond R, Murakami M, Wayyatakorn G, Togo A, Takada H (2007) Sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust in a tropical Asian mega-city, Bangkok, Thailand. Sci Total Environ 384:420–432

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown JN, Peake BM (2006) Sources of heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban stormwater runoff. Sci Total Environ 359:145–155

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown RC, Pierce RH, Rice SA (1985) Hydrocarbon contamination in sediment from urban stormwater runoff. Mar Pollut Bull 16:236–240

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cornelissen G, Gustafsson O, Bucheli TD, Jonker MTO, Koelmans AA, Van Noort PCM (2005) Extensive sorption of organic compounds to black carbon, coal, and kerogen in sediments and soils: mechanisms and consequences for distribution, bioaccumulation, and biodegradation. Environ Sci Technol 39:6881–6895

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dong TTT, Lee BK (2009) Characteristic, toxicity, and source apportionment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in road dust of Ulsan, Korea. Chemosphere 74:1245–1253

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gyengsangnam-do Provincial Government (GSND) (2006) Annual statistics of average road pavement rate in Gyengsangnam-do: Changwon and Masan city, Korea. Available at http://stat.gsnd.net/jsp/main/main.jsp. Accessed 9 Dec 2006

  • Hildemann LM, Markowski GR, Cass GR (1991) Chemical composition of emission from urban sources of fine organic aerosol. Environ Sci Technol 25:744–759

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hwang HM, Foster GD (2006) Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban stormwater runoff flowing into the tidal Anacostia River, Washington, DC, USA. Environ Pollut 140:416–426

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • International Agency for Research on Cancer (1987) IARC monographs on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans, overall evaluation of carcinogenicity: an updating of IAPC Monographs, vol 1–42. International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon

    Google Scholar 

  • Jiang YF, Wang XT, Wang F, Jia Y, Wu MH, Sheng GY et al (2009) Levels, composition profiles and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban soil of Shanghai, China. Chemosphere 75:1112–1118

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kavouras IG, Koutrakis P, Tsapakis M, Lagoudaki E, Stephanou EG, Baer DV (2001) Source apportionment of urban particulate aliphatic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using multivariate methods. Environ Sci Technol 35:2288–2294

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Krein A, Schorer M (2000) Road runoff pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and its contribution to river sediments. Water Res 34:4110–4115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumata H, Sanada Y, Takada H, Ueno T (2002) Historical trends of N-cyclohexyl-2-benzothiazolamine,2-(4-morpholinyl)benzothiazole, and other anthropogenic contaminants in the urban reservoir sediment core. Environ Sci Technol 34:246–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kupiainen K (2007) Road dust from pavement wear and traction sanding. Monogr Boreal Environ Res 26:1–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Lau SL, Stenstrom MK (2005) Metals and PAHs absorbed to street particles. Water Res 39:4083–4092

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee BK, Dong TTT (2010) Effects of road characteristics on distribution and toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban road dust of Ulsan, Korea. J Hazard Mater 175:540–550

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee BC, Shimizu Y, Matsuda T, Matsui S (2005) Characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in different size fractions in deposited road particles (DRPs) from Lake Biwa Area, Japan. Environ Sci Technol 39:7402–7409

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MacKenzie MJ, Hunter JV (1979) Source and fates of aromatic compounds in urban stormwater runoff. Environ Sci Technol 13:179–183

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maltby L, Forrow DM, Boxall ABA, Calow P, Betton CI (1995a) The effects of motorway runoff on fresh-water ecosystems. 1. Field-study. Environ Toxicol Chem 14:1079–1092

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Maltby L, Forrow DM, Boxall ABA, Calow P, Betton CI (1995b) The effects of motorway runoff on fresh-water ecosystems. 2. Identifying major toxicants. Environ Toxicol Chem 14:1093–1101

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Means JC, Wood SG, Hassett JJ, Gschwend PM (1980) Sorption of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by sediments and soils. Environ Sci Technol 14:1524–1528

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami M, Nakajima F, Furumai H (2004) Modelling of runoff behaviour of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from roads and roofs. Water Res 38:4475–4483

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami M, Nakajima F, Furumai H (2005) Size- and density-distributions and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban road dust. Chemosphere 61:783–791

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Readman JW, Mantoura RFC, Rhead MM (1984) The physic-chemical speciation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in aquatic systems. Fresenius Z Anal Chem 319:126–131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rogge WF, Hidemann LM, Mazurek MA, Cass GR (1993) Sources of fine organic aerosol. 3. Road dust, tire debris, and organometallic brake lining dust: Roads as sources and sinks. Environ Sci Technol 27:1892–1904

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sartor JD, Boyd GB, Agardy FJ (1974) Water pollution aspects of street surface contaminants. J Water Pollut Control Fed 46:458–467

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith DJT, Edelhauser EC, Harrison RM (1995) Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon concentrations in road dust and soil samples collected in the United Kingdom and Pakistan. Environ Technol 16:45–53

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takada H, Onda T, Ogura N (1990) Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban street dusts and their source materials by capillary gas chromatography. Environ Sci Technol 24:1179–1186

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takada H, Onda T, Ogyra N (1991) Distribution and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in street dust from the Tokyo Metropolitan Area. Sci Total Environ 107:45–69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tang L, Tang XY, Zhu YG, Zheng MH, Miao QL (2005) Contamination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils in Beijing, China. Environ Int 31:822–828

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Traffic Management System Center (TMSC) (2005) Statistics of the traffic volume in the main road. Available at http://www.road.re.kr/tms/cover.asp. Accessed 13 Aug 2005

  • Youngblood WW, Blumer M (1975) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the environment: homologous series in soils and recent marine sediments. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 39:1303–1314

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yunker MB, Macdonald RW, Vingarzan R, Mitchell RH, Goyette D, Sylvestre S (2002) PAHs in the Fraser River basin: a critical appraisal of PAH ratios as indicators of PAH source and composition. Org Geochem 33:489–515

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng EY, Tran K, Young D (2004) Evaluation of potential molecular markers for urban stormwater runoff. Environ Monit Assess 90:23–43

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhou J, Wang T, Huang Y, Mao T, Zhong N (2005) Size distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban and suburban sites of Beijing, China. Chemosphere 61:792–799

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants-in-aids from Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute (PE98745) and the Ministry of Land, Transport and Maritime Affairs, Korea (PM56381).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oil & POPs Research Group, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Geoje, 656-830, Korea

    Sung Yong Ha, Un Hyuk Yim, Won Joon Shim, Sang Hee Hong & Gi Myung Han

  2. Department of Marine Environmental Engineering, Marine Industry Institute, Gyeongsang National University, Tongyeong, 650-160, Korea

    Gi Beum Kim

Authors
  1. Sung Yong Ha
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Gi Beum Kim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Un Hyuk Yim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Won Joon Shim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Sang Hee Hong
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Gi Myung Han
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Un Hyuk Yim.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ha, S.Y., Kim, G.B., Yim, U.H. et al. Particle-Size Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Road Dust of Masan, Korea. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 63, 189–198 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-012-9765-4

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-012-9765-4

Keywords

Search

Navigation