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Analysis of heat recovery of diesel engine using intermediate working fluid

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Abstract

The organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is an effective way to recovery the engine exhaust heat. The thermal stability of the evaporation system is significant for the stable operation of the ORC system. In this paper, the performance of the designed evaporation system which combines with the intermediate fluid for recovering the exhaust waste heat from a diesel engine is evaluated. The thermal characteristics of the target diesel engine exhaust gas are evaluated based on the experimental data firstly. Then, the mathematical model of the evaporation system is built based on the geometrical parameters and the specific working conditions of ORC. Finally, the heat transfer characteristics of the evaporation system are estimated corresponding to three typical operating conditions of the diesel engine. The result shows that the exhaust temperature at the evaporator outlet increases slightly with the engine speed and load. In the evaporator, the heat transfer coefficient of the Rankine working fluid is slightly larger than the intermediate fluid. However, the heat transfer coefficient of the intermediate fluid in the heat exchanger is larger than the exhaust side. The heat transfer areas of the evaporator in both the two-phase zone and the preheated zone change slightly along with the engine working condition while the heat transfer areas of the overheated zone has changed obviously. The maximum heat transfer rate occurs in the preheating zone while the minimum value occurs in the overheating zone. In addition, the Rankine working fluid temperature at the evaporator outlet is not sensitively affected by the torque and speed of the engine and the organic fluid flow is relatively stable. It is concluded that the intermediate fluid could effectively reduce the physical changes of Rankine working fluid in the evaporator outlet due to changes in engine operating conditions.

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Abbreviations

A:

Heat transfer area (m2)

b.s.f.c:

Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (g/kW h)

cρ :

Specific heat at constant pressure (kJ/kg K)

D:

Out diameter (m)

d:

Inner diameter (m)

E, S:

Correction factor

f:

Turbulent drag coefficient

G:

Mass flux (kg/m2 s)

H:

Convective heat transfer rate (W/m2 K)

h:

Enthalpy (kJ/kg)

l:

Tube length (m)

M:

Molecular weight (kg/kmol)

m:

Mass flow rate (kg/s)

mf:

Mass friction

P:

Pressure (Pa)

Q:

Heat transfer rate (kW)

q:

Heat flow density (kW/m2 K)

s:

Fin space (m)

T:

Temperature (K)

U:

Overall heat transfer coefficient (W/m2 K)

u:

Flow rate of the THERMINOL 66 (m/s)

w:

Vapour quality

x, y:

Molar amount

Re:

Reynolds number

Pr:

Prandtl number

Nu:

Nusselt number

α:

Correction factor

γ:

Tube thickness (m)

δ:

Fin height (m)

η:

Efficiency

λ:

Thermal conductivity (W/m K)

μ:

Viscosity (kg/m s)

ρ:

Density (kg/m3)

τ:

Fin heat transfer efficiency

0:

Reference state

1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6:

State points for the R245fa

a, b, c, d, x, y:

State points for the THERMINOL 66

cr:

Critical state

exh:

Exhaust gas

f:

Fluid

g:

Gas

he:

Heat exchanger

I:

State point for exhaust entrance in the heat exchanger

i:

Exhaust components:CO2, H2O, N2, O2; inner

l:

Liquid

lm:

Log mean

m:

Mean value

nb:

Nucleate boiling

O:

State point for exhaust outlet in the heat exchanger

o:

Outer

oil:

The THERMINOL 66

ph:

Preheated

ref:

The R245fa

sh:

Superheated

tp:

Two-phase

w:

Wall

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by The Excellent Dissertation Cultivation Funds of Wuhan University of Technology (Grant No. 2016-YS-053). The authors are grateful to all the staff of Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components for supporting this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Lei Jin, Jiang Zhang, Gangfeng Tan & Huaming Liu

  2. Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Lei Jin, Jiang Zhang & Huaming Liu

  3. School of Automotive Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China

    Lei Jin, Jiang Zhang, Gangfeng Tan & Huaming Liu

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  1. Lei Jin
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  2. Jiang Zhang
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Correspondence to Lei Jin.

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Jin, L., Zhang, J., Tan, G. et al. Analysis of heat recovery of diesel engine using intermediate working fluid. Heat Mass Transfer 53, 2377–2393 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-017-1988-5

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