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Carry-over effects and foraging ground dynamics of a major loggerhead breeding aggregation

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Abstract

Migratory animals spend different periods of their lives in widely separated and ecologically different locations; their experiences from one activity/period/site (e.g., foraging) can dramatically affect their success during another (e.g., breeding). Carry-over effects reflect the influence of foraging quality on reproductive behaviors of migratory species, such as nesting loggerhead sea turtle (Caretta caretta), which vary greatly in body size and reproductive parameters. We investigated carry-over effects on 330 loggerheads nesting at the Archie Carr National Wildlife Refuge (Melbourne Beach, Florida), one of the largest aggregations in the Western Hemisphere, using telemetry, stable isotope analysis and reproductive parameters. We assigned foraging locations used during the non-breeding period with discriminant function analysis and determined the relative contributions to different foraging regions from 2007 to 2012. Foraging regions significantly influenced female body size and fecundity. Loggerheads foraging southeast of the nesting beach in the vicinity of the Bahamas and Florida Keys laid larger clutches and had a shorter breeding frequency. On average, 47 % (±3 % SE) of the females foraged year-round in this area, while 33 % (±4 % SE) resided on the Southwest Florida continental shelf south of Tampa Bay and 18 % (±2 % SE) undertook seasonal migrations and foraged north of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. Relative contributions to the foraging areas did not change over the 6-year period. The northern foraging area consistently contributed the fewest females despite being the most productive oceanographic region suggesting a trade-off between foraging area productivity and distance to the nesting beach. We reaffirm that the isotopic approach can be used to interpret trends in abundance at nesting beaches and demographic parameters affecting those trends. Understanding geospatial linkages and relative importance of foraging areas is critical to fostering appropriate management and conservation strategies for migratory species.

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Acknowledgments

We thank B. Sharma, R. Woods, A. Hays, A. Sterner, C. Sanchez, C. Long, F. Gusmao, R. Chabot, C. Amato, K. Cope, T. Williamson, D. Bagley and forty undergraduate students for their help with sample collection at the ACNWR and assistance with laboratory work. We thank A. Savage, the staff and volunteers of the Sea Turtle Conservancy, the Brevard County Barrier Island Center, the Disney’s Vero Beach Resort, the Conservancy of Southwest Florida staff, the Mote Marine Laboratory staff, C. Johnson and K. Martin for assistance with satellite deployment and sampling on nesting beaches. We thank G. Worthy and the PEBL laboratory for providing laboratory access and advice, P.F. Quintana-Ascencio, L. Walters, E. Valdes, J. Fauth, A. Foley, A. Chester, J. Bohnsack, B. Wallace and two anonymous reviewers for advice and suggestions that significantly improved this manuscript. We thank the Archie Carr National Wildlife Refuge Managers and in particular K. Kneifl for supporting our research. SAC thanks B. Shamblin for sharing samples, E. Goddard for assistance with stable isotope analysis, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute for allowing the work to be completed at the Institute and B. Brost. The animal use protocol for this research was reviewed and approved by the University of Central Florida Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC protocols #09-22W and #12-22W). Procedures were approved under the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (Marine Turtle Permit #025). This work was supported by several grants awarded from the Sea Turtle Grants Program (09-055R, 10-020R, 10-023R, 11-021R). The Sea Turtle Grants Program is funded from proceeds from the sale of the Florida Sea Turtle License Plate. Learn more at www.helpingseaturtles.org.

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  1. Simona A. Ceriani

    Present address: Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Saint Petersburg, FL, 33701, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA

    Simona A. Ceriani, Llewellyn M. Ehrhart & John F. Weishampel

  2. Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada

    James D. Roth

  3. Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, 34236, USA

    Anton D. Tucker

  4. Sea Turtle Conservancy, Gainesville, FL, 32609, USA

    Daniel R. Evans

  5. Conservancy of Southwest Florida, Naples, FL, 34102, USA

    David S. Addison

  6. National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Science Center, Miami, FL, 33149, USA

    Christopher R. Sasso

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Ceriani, S.A., Roth, J.D., Tucker, A.D. et al. Carry-over effects and foraging ground dynamics of a major loggerhead breeding aggregation. Mar Biol 162, 1955–1968 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-015-2721-x

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