Abstract
Total carotenoid (astaxanthin, cantaxanthin) content were determined in 60 traditionally cultured salmons (ICL, N1CL, N2CL) (Salmo salar), 10 natural salmons (NWL) (S. salar), 20 ecological cultured salmons (IECL) (S. salar), 20 ecological cultured rainbow trouts (NECR) (Oncorhynchus mykiss), 20 traditional cultured rainbow trouts (NCR) (O. mykis). Quantitative and qualitative carotenoid determination was carried out using spectrophotometric method and thin layer chromatography method, respectively. For pigmentation, astaxanthin was determined as the most important carotenoid. Total carotenoid concentration in traditional cultured salmon, natural salmon, ecologically cultured salmon, ecologically and traditionally cultured rainbow trout was determined as 673–1014, 644–708, 714–904, 56–57, and 291–391 Eg/100 g respectively. Carotinoid concentration in traditional cultured salmon was higher than the carotenoid concentration in natural salmon and ecological cultured salmon. The lowest carotenoid concentration was determined in the ecological cultured rainbow trout (O. mykiss).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Baker RTM (2002) Cantaxanthin in aquafeed applications: is there any risk? Trends Food Sci Technol 12:240–243
Bjerkeng B (1992) Analysis of carotenoids in salmonids. In: Quality assurance in the fish industry. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp 417–425
Buttle LG, Crampton VO, Willams PD (2001) The effect of feed pigment type on flesh pigment deposition and color in farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Aquacult Res 32:103–111
Craik JCA (1985) Egg quality and egg pigment content in Salmonid fishes. Aquaculture 47:61–88
Erdem M, Ergün S (2000a) Doğal ve sentetik karotenoidkaynaklarının gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (oncorhynchus mykiss) pigmentasyona etkisi,Turk J VET. Anim Sci 24:393–402, TÜBİTAK
Foss P, Storebakken T, Schiedt K, Liaaen-Jensen S, Austren E, Streiff K (1984) Pigmentation of rainbow trout with the individual optical isomers of astaxanthin in comparison with cantaxanthin. Aquaculture 41:213–226
Henmi H (1991) Studies on the carotenoids in the muscle of salmon. Comp Biochem Biophysiol 99b(3):609
Majchrzak D, Elmadfa I (1998) Carotinoide und vitamin A in Fischproben, Z. Ernährungwiss 37:207–210
Metusalach B, Brown JA, Shahidi F (1997) Effects of stocking density on colour characteristics and deposition of carotenoids in cultured Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus). Food Chem 59:107–114
Nickell D, Bromage NR (1998) The effect of dietary level on variation of flesh pigmentation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynhus mykiss). Aquaculture 161:237–251
Sanderson GW, Setsuko OJ (1994) The value of Phaffia yeast as a feed ingredient for salmonid fish. Aquaculture 124:193–200
Sheehan EM (1998) Stability of astaxanthin and cantaxanthin raw and smoked Atlantic salmon during frozen storage. Food Chem 63:313–317
Torrissen OJ (1985) Pigmentation of Salmonids: faktors affecting carotenoid deposition in rainbow trout. Aquaculture 46:133
Torrissen ORW, Hardy KD (1989) Shearer, pigmentation of salmonids- carotenoid deposition and metabolism. Rev Aquat Sci 1:209–225
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tolasa, S., Cakli, S. & Ostermeyer, U. Determination of astaxanthin and canthaxanthin in salmonid. Eur Food Res Technol 221, 787–791 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-005-0071-5
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-005-0071-5