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Methods for characterization of organic compounds in atmospheric aerosol particles

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

An Erratum to this article was published on 11 November 2015

Abstract

Atmospheric aerosol particles of primary or secondary, biogenic or anthropogenic origin are highly complex samples of changing composition in time and space. To assess their effects on climate or human health, the size-dependent chemical composition of these ubiquitous atmospheric constituents must be known. The development of novel analytical methods has enabled more detailed characterization of the organic composition of aerosols. This review gives an overview of the methods used in the chemical characterization of atmospheric aerosol particles, with a focus on mass-spectrometry techniques for organic compounds, either alone or in combination with chromatographic separation. Off-line, on-site, and on-line methods are covered, and the advantages and limitations of the different methods are discussed. The main emphasis is on methods used for detailed characterization of the composition of the organic compounds in aerosol particles. We address and summarize the current state of analytical methods used in aerosol research and discuss the importance of developing novel sampling strategies and analytical instrumentation.

Challenges in the atmospheric aerosol analytics

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Abbreviations

2D-TAG:

Two-dimensional thermal-desorption aerosol gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

ACE:

Aerosol chip electrophoresis

AMS:

Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer

APCI:

Atmospheric-pressure chemical ionization

APPI:

Atmospheric-pressure photoionization

ATOFMS:

Aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer

BBOA:

Biomass-burning organic aerosol

CI:

Chemical ionization

C-ToF:

Compact time-of-flight

CVI:

Counterflow virtual impactor

DESI:

Desorption electrospray ionization

DMA:

Differential mobility analyzer

DSAE:

Dynamic sonication-assisted extraction

DVB:

Divinylbenzene

EI:

Electron ionization

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

FTICR:

Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance

GC:

Gas chromatography

GC×GC:

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography

HPAEC:

High-resolution anion-exchange chromatography

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

HR:

High resolution

IC:

Ion chromatography

IR:

Isotope ratio

IT:

Ion trap

LC:

Liquid chromatography

LDI:

Laser desorption/ionization

MAE:

Microwave-assisted extraction

MARGA:

Monitor for aerosols and gases in air

MS:

Mass spectrometry

NAMS:

Nanoaerosol mass spectrometer

nano-DMA:

Nanometer-aerosol differential mobility analyzer

NR-PM:

Non-refractory particulate matter with diameters

OA:

Organic aerosol

OC:

Organic carbon

PAHs:

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

PDMS:

Polydimethylsiloxane

PILS:

Particle-into-liquid sampler

PLE:

Pressurized liquid extraction

PM10 :

Particulate matter with diameters <10 mm

PM2.5 :

Particulate matter with diameters <2.5 mm

PUF:

Polyurethane foam

REMPI:

Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization

PMF:

Positive matrix factorization

RSMS:

Rapid single-particle mass spectrometer

SAE:

Sonication-assisted extraction

SFE:

Supercritical fluid extraction

SOA:

Secondary organic aerosol

TAG:

Thermal-desorption aerosol gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

TD:

Thermal desorption

TEOM:

Tapered-element oscillating microbalance

TOF:

Time-of-flight

UCM:

Unresolved complex mixture

UHPLC:

Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography

UHR-MS:

Ultra-high-resolution mass spectrometry

VOC:

Volatile organic compound

XAD:

Polystyrene-divinylbenzene resin (trade name)

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Correspondence to Tuulia Hyötyläinen.

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Published in the topical collection Aerosols and Health with guest editor Ralf Zimmermann.

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Parshintsev, J., Hyötyläinen, T. Methods for characterization of organic compounds in atmospheric aerosol particles. Anal Bioanal Chem 407, 5877–5897 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-014-8394-3

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