Abstract
Rationale
Microinjections of ethanol and acetaldehyde into ventral tegmental area (VTA) produce locomotor activation in rats through mechanisms dependent on the μ-opioid receptors. However, it is not clear how these drugs can interact with these receptors. It has been hypothesized that salsolinol could be the responsible for this interaction.
Objectives
The aim of the study was to investigate the ability of salsolinol to induce both motor activation and motor sensitization in rats after repeated intra-VTA administration.
Materials
Rats received one microinjection into the posterior VTA of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (aCSF; 200 nL), salsolinol (0.3–3,000.0 pmol/200 nL), or salsolinol (30.0 pmol/200 nL) with either naltrexone (13.2 nmol/200 nL) or with the antagonist of the μ-opioid receptors, β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA; 2.5 nmol/300 nL). In the sensitization experiments, four microinjections of salsolinol (30.0 pmol/200 nL) or aCSF (200 nL) were performed over a 2-week period. This period was followed by a single challenge session, in which 0.3 pmol of salsolinol was microinjected to rats. Spontaneous activity was always monitored postinjection.
Results
Intra-VTA salsolinol administration induces an increase of the spontaneous motor activity of the rats with the maximal effect at the dose of 30.0 pmol/200 nL. Salsolinol effects were blocked by the treatment with naltrexone or β-FNA. Moreover, repeated injections of salsolinol produced locomotor sensitization.
Conclusions
Salsolinol induces locomotor activity and motor sensitization after intra-VTA administration. Moreover, the implication of the μ-opioid receptors was shown since the treatment with naltrexone or β-FNA was able to suppress the salsolinol effects.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (BFU 2007-67912-C02-02). LH and MJSC are recipients of predoctoral fellowships from the Cinc Segles Program, Universitat de València.
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Hipólito, L., Sánchez-Catalán, MJ., Zornoza, T. et al. Locomotor stimulant effects of acute and repeated intrategmental injections of salsolinol in rats: role of μ-opioid receptors. Psychopharmacology 209, 1–11 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-009-1751-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-009-1751-9